Art Movements - INI

[item.impressionism]
code=01
slug=impressionism
name=Impressionism
description=A 19th-century French painting movement that captured fleeting impressions of light and color.
keyArtists=["Claude Monet","Pierre-Auguste Renoir","Edgar Degas","Camille Pissarro","Berthe Morisot"]
origin=France
period=1860s–1880s

[item.post-impressionism]
code=02
slug=post-impressionism
name=Post-Impressionism
description=An art movement that developed Impressionism, emphasizing subjective expression and geometric forms.
keyArtists=["Paul Cézanne","Vincent van Gogh","Paul Gauguin","Georges Seurat"]
origin=France
period=1880s–1910s

[item.cubism]
code=03
slug=cubism
name=Cubism
description=A revolutionary 20th-century art movement that decomposed subjects into geometric shapes and depicted them from multiple viewpoints simultaneously.
keyArtists=["Pablo Picasso","Georges Braque","Juan Gris","Fernand Léger"]
origin=France (Paris)
period=1907–1922

[item.fauvism]
code=04
slug=fauvism
name=Fauvism
description=An early 20th-century avant-garde art movement characterized by vivid colors and bold brushwork.
keyArtists=["Henri Matisse","André Derain","Maurice de Vlaminck"]
origin=France
period=1905–1910

[item.expressionism]
code=05
slug=expressionism
name=Expressionism
description=An art movement that emphasized inner emotions and subjective experiences, distorting subjects for expressive purposes.
keyArtists=["Ernst Ludwig Kirchner","Franz Marc","Wassily Kandinsky","Edvard Munch"]
origin=Germany
period=1905–1920s

[item.futurism]
code=06
slug=futurism
name=Futurism
description=An early 20th-century Italian avant-garde art movement that celebrated speed, technology, and the machine age.
keyArtists=["Umberto Boccioni","Carlo Carrà","Giacomo Balla"]
origin=Italy
period=1909–late 1920s

[item.dada]
code=07
slug=dada
name=Dada
description=An avant-garde art movement born from the reaction to World War I, rejecting established conventions.
keyArtists=["Tristan Tzara","Hans Arp","Marcel Duchamp","Francis Picabia"]
origin=Switzerland (Zurich)
period=1916–1924

[item.surrealism]
code=08
slug=surrealism
name=Surrealism
description=A 20th-century art movement that explored dreams and the unconscious world, characterized by unexpected juxtapositions.
keyArtists=["Salvador Dalí","René Magritte","Joan Miró","Max Ernst","Frida Kahlo"]
origin=France (Paris)
period=1924–1966

[item.abstract-expressionism]
code=09
slug=abstract-expressionism
name=Abstract Expressionism
description=A post-war art movement that emerged in America, emphasizing pure abstraction and emotional expression.
keyArtists=["Jackson Pollock","Willem de Kooning","Mark Rothko","Barnett Newman"]
origin=United States (New York)
period=1943–1965

[item.pop-art]
code=10
slug=pop-art
name=Pop Art
description=An art movement that used mass culture and consumer society as subjects, blurring the boundaries between high art and low culture.
keyArtists=["Andy Warhol","Roy Lichtenstein","Richard Hamilton","Claes Oldenburg"]
origin=United Kingdom, United States
period=Mid-1950s–early 1970s

[item.minimalism]
code=11
slug=minimalism
name=Minimalism
description=A 1960s art movement that emphasized geometric shapes and materiality while avoiding emotional content.
keyArtists=["Frank Stella","Donald Judd","Carl Andre","Dan Flavin"]
origin=United States
period=Early 1960s–late 1960s

[item.conceptual-art]
code=12
slug=conceptual-art
name=Conceptual Art
description=An art movement from the late 1960s onwards that treats the idea or concept itself as the main subject of the artwork.
keyArtists=["Joseph Kosuth","Walter De Maria","John Baldessari","Sol LeWitt","Joseph Beuys"]
origin=United States, Europe
period=Mid-1960s onwards

[item.neo-expressionism]
code=13
slug=neo-expressionism
name=Neo-Expressionism
description=An art movement from the late 1970s characterized by expressive brushwork and raw depictions.
keyArtists=["Georg Baselitz","Julian Schnabel","Anselm Kiefer","Jean-Michel Basquiat"]
origin=Germany
period=Late 1970s–early 1990s