TSV

Earth's Structure - TSV

Earth's structure consists of four main layers from the surface to the center: crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. These layers were discovered through differences in seismic wave propagation characteristics, each having distinct compositions, states, and physical properties. The crust is the thinnest layer where life exists, the mantle comprises about 80% of Earth's volume as a rock layer, the outer core is the source of geomagnetism composed of liquid iron-nickel, and the inner core is a metallic sphere that remains solid under extreme pressure.

Earth science geology seismology crust mantle core plate tectonics

code	slug	name	description	composition	density_unit	density_value	depth_bottom	depth_surface	state	temperature_unit	temperature_value	thickness_unit	thickness_value
1	crust	Crust	The thin outermost solid layer of Earth.	Granite (continental), basalt (oceanic), silica, aluminum, oxides	g/cm³	2.2-2.9	5-60 km	0 km	Solid	°C	0-1000	km	5-60
2	mantle	Mantle	The thick rocky layer between the crust and core, comprising about 80% of Earth's volume.	Peridotite, pyroxene, olivine, magnesium, iron, silicate minerals	g/cm³	3.4-5.6	~2,900 km	5-60 km	Solid (viscous over long timescales)	°C	1,000-3,000	km	~2,800
3	outer-core	Outer Core	A layer of liquid iron and nickel that generates Earth's magnetic field.	Iron, nickel, small amounts of light elements (oxygen, sulfur, silicon, etc.)	g/cm³	9.9-12.2	~5,100 km	~2,900 km	Liquid	°C	4,000-5,000	km	~2,200
4	inner-core	Inner Core	The solid iron-nickel center of Earth.	Iron, nickel, small amounts of precious metals	g/cm³	12.8-13.1	~6,400 km	~5,100 km	Solid	°C	~6,000	km (radius)	~1,200