CSV
Ecosystem Classifications - CSV
Ecosystem classification is a system for categorizing Earth's diverse ecosystems based on characteristics such as biological communities, climate, soil, and topography. The IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology 2.0 is a hierarchical classification system consisting of 5 realms (terrestrial, freshwater, marine, subterranean, transitional), 25 biomes, and further subdivided ecosystem functional groups. This classification is widely used as an international standard for ecosystem conservation status assessments and environmental-economic accounting.
ecosystem
biome
IUCN
conservation
biodiversity
ecological classification
code,slug,name,description,realm
T1,tropical-subtropical-forests,Tropical-Subtropical Forests,Forest ecosystems adapted to hot and humid climates near the equator.,Terrestrial
T2,temperate-boreal-forests-woodlands,Temperate-Boreal Forests and Woodlands,Forest ecosystems distributed from temperate to boreal regions with distinct seasonal changes.,Terrestrial
T3,shrublands-shrubby-woodlands,Shrublands and Shrubby Woodlands,Ecosystems dominated by shrubs in Mediterranean climates and dry regions.,Terrestrial
T4,savannas-grasslands,Savannas and Grasslands,Grassland ecosystems dominated by herbaceous plants with scattered trees.,Terrestrial
T5,deserts-semi-deserts,Deserts and Semi-Deserts,Dryland ecosystems adapted to extremely low precipitation.,Terrestrial
T6,polar-alpine-cryogenic,Polar-Alpine (Cryogenic),Polar and alpine ecosystems adapted to permafrost and low-temperature environments.,Terrestrial
T7,intensive-anthropogenic-terrestrial,Intensive Anthropogenic Terrestrial Ecosystems,Terrestrial ecosystems created by human activities.,Terrestrial
F1,rivers-streams,Rivers and Streams,Freshwater ecosystems characterized by flowing water.,Freshwater
F2,lakes,Lakes,Freshwater ecosystems characterized by standing water.,Freshwater
TF1,palustrine-wetlands,Palustrine Wetlands,Wetland ecosystems located at the boundary between terrestrial and freshwater realms.,Transitional
M1,marine-shelf,Marine Shelf,Marine ecosystems including the continental shelf.,Marine
MT1,shorelines,Shorelines,Coastal ecosystems where land and sea meet.,Transitional
S1,subterranean-lithic,Subterranean Lithic,Ecosystems existing in underground rock spaces.,Subterranean