TOML
Types of Electoral Districts - TOML
Types of electoral districts are important elements in Japan's election system. Various electoral district systems exist, including single-member district system, multi-member district system, medium-sized district system, and proportional representation system, each with different characteristics and advantages/disadvantages. The House of Representatives adopts a parallel voting system combining single-member districts and proportional representation, while the House of Councillors combines district-based and proportional representation systems. These systems form the foundation of Japan's democracy.
election system
single-member district
proportional representation
multi-member district
medium-sized district
House of Representatives
House of Councillors
politics
[[items]]
code = "01"
slug = "single-member-district"
name = "Single-member District System"
description = "A system where one representative is elected from each electoral district."
application = "House of Representatives single-member districts"
districtCount = 289
[[items]]
code = "02"
slug = "multi-member-district"
name = "Multi-member District System"
description = "A system where multiple representatives (6 or more) are elected from each electoral district."
application = "House of Councillors electoral districts (6 or more seats)"
districtCount = 13
[[items]]
code = "03"
slug = "medium-sized-district"
name = "Medium-sized District System"
description = "A system where 2 to 6 representatives are elected from each electoral district."
application = "House of Councillors electoral districts (2 seats)"
districtCount = 32
[[items]]
code = "04"
slug = "proportional-representation"
name = "Proportional Representation System"
description = "An electoral system where seats are allocated according to vote share."
application = "House of Representatives proportional representation (11 blocks), House of Councillors proportional representation (1 national district)"
districtCount = 11
[[items]]
code = "05"
slug = "combined-district"
name = "Combined District"
description = "An electoral district established by combining two or more prefectures."
application = "House of Councillors electoral districts (Tottori-Shimane, Tokushima-Kochi)"
districtCount = 2