A list of mathematical algorithms for encrypting and decrypting data.
Overview
Encryption Algorithms
Encryption algorithms are mathematical methods used to protect the confidentiality and integrity of data. They are classified into three main categories: symmetric encryption (secret key), asymmetric encryption (public key), and hash functions. Representative algorithms include AES, RSA, ECC, and SHA-256, which are widely used in various fields such as TLS/SSL communications, digital signatures, password protection, and blockchain. Algorithms recommended by standardization bodies such as NIST have been verified for security and performance.
encryption
security
cryptography
AES
RSA
ECC
SHA-256
hash function
NIST
| code | slug | name | description | category | keyLength | nistStatus |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SYM-01 | aes | AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) | Current standard symmetric encryption algorithm. Fast and highly secure. | Symmetric Encryption | 128/192/256 bit | FIPS 197 approved |
| SYM-02 | chacha20 | ChaCha20 | Stream cipher developed by Google. Next-generation cipher for high-speed processing. | Symmetric Encryption (Stream Cipher) | 256 bit | RFC 8439 |
| SYM-03 | 3des | Triple DES (3DES/TDEA) | Cipher applying DES three times. Being phased out gradually. | Symmetric Encryption | 168 bit (112 bit effective) | Deprecated (phase-out by 2030) |
| SYM-04 | des | DES (Data Encryption Standard) | Old encryption standard from the 1970s. Currently prohibited from use. | Symmetric Encryption | 56 bit | Withdrawn (insecure) |
| ASYM-01 | rsa | RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) | Most widely used public-key encryption. Supports digital signatures and encryption. | Asymmetric Encryption | 2048/4096 bit | FIPS 186 approved |
| ASYM-02 | ecc | ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography) | Public-key cryptography achieving high security with short key lengths. Recommended for new systems. | Asymmetric Encryption | 224/256/384 bit | FIPS 186 approved |
| ASYM-03 | dsa | DSA (Digital Signature Algorithm) | NIST-standardized algorithm dedicated to digital signatures. | Asymmetric Encryption (Digital Signature) | 1024/2048/3072 bit | FIPS 186 approved (legacy) |
| HASH-01 | sha-256 | SHA-256 | Widely used secure hash function. Outputs 256-bit hash value. | Hash Function | 256 bit output | FIPS 180-4 approved |
| HASH-02 | sha-3 | SHA-3 (Secure Hash Algorithm 3) | Latest SHA series. Has a different structure from SHA-2. | Hash Function | 224/256/384/512 bit output | FIPS 202 approved |
| HASH-03 | sha-1 | SHA-1 | Vulnerable hash function with successful collision attack in 2017. Prohibited from use. | Hash Function | 160 bit output | Deprecated (insecure) |
| HASH-04 | md5 | MD5 (Message-Digest Algorithm 5) | Fast but collision-vulnerable old hash function. Use only for file checking. | Hash Function | 128 bit output | Deprecated (insecure) |
| KEX-01 | diffie-hellman | Diffie-Hellman (DH) | Protocol enabling secure key exchange. Foundation of public-key cryptography. | Key Exchange Protocol | 2048 bit or higher | SP 800-56A approved |
| KDF-01 | pbkdf2 | PBKDF2 (Password-Based Key Derivation Function 2) | Function for securely deriving keys from passwords. | Key Derivation Function | Variable | RFC 2898 / SP 800-132 |
| KDF-02 | argon2 | Argon2 | Latest standard for password hashing. Resistant to GPU attacks. | Password Hash | Variable | Recommended (PHC winner) |
| PQC-01 | ml-kem | ML-KEM (CRYSTALS-Kyber) | NIST-standardized post-quantum cryptography. Key encapsulation mechanism. | Post-Quantum Cryptography | 768/1024/1536 byte | FIPS 203 (2024) |
| PQC-02 | ml-dsa | ML-DSA (CRYSTALS-Dilithium) | NIST-standardized post-quantum digital signature algorithm. | Post-Quantum Cryptography | 1312/1952/2592 byte signature | FIPS 204 (2024) |