HTML
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) - HTML
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a methodology for quantitatively evaluating the environmental impacts of products and services throughout their entire life cycle, from raw material extraction through manufacturing, use, and disposal or recycling. Based on the ISO 14040 series, it consists of four steps: goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, impact assessment, and interpretation. It comprehensively evaluates diverse environmental impact categories including climate change, resource consumption, and ecosystem effects, and is utilized for eco-friendly product development and sustainability management.
environmental management
environmental impact assessment
ISO 14040
sustainability
carbon footprint
LCIA
inventory analysis
<table>
<thead><tr><th>code</th><th>slug</th><th>name</th><th>description</th><th>phase</th><th>category</th><th>type</th></tr></thead>
<tbody><tr><td>01</td><td>goal-and-scope-definition</td><td>Goal and Scope Definition</td><td>The step of clearly defining the assessment purpose and scope of the LCA.</td><td>phase-1</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>02</td><td>life-cycle-inventory</td><td>Life Cycle Inventory Analysis (LCI)</td><td>The step of collecting and quantifying environmental load data throughout the life cycle.</td><td>phase-2</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>03</td><td>life-cycle-impact-assessment</td><td>Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA)</td><td>The step of classifying and evaluating collected data into environmental impact categories.</td><td>phase-3</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>04</td><td>interpretation</td><td>Interpretation</td><td>The step of analyzing evaluation results and deriving conclusions and improvement measures.</td><td>phase-4</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>05</td><td>climate-change</td><td>Climate Change</td><td>An indicator evaluating the impact of greenhouse gas emissions on climate change.</td><td></td><td>midpoint</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>06</td><td>acidification</td><td>Acidification</td><td>An indicator evaluating the impact of acidic substance emissions on ecosystems.</td><td></td><td>midpoint</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>07</td><td>eutrophication</td><td>Eutrophication</td><td>An indicator evaluating water eutrophication caused by excess nutrients.</td><td></td><td>midpoint</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>08</td><td>resource-depletion</td><td>Resource Depletion</td><td>An indicator evaluating the impact on depletion of fossil fuels and mineral resources.</td><td></td><td>midpoint</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>09</td><td>human-toxicity</td><td>Human Toxicity</td><td>An indicator evaluating the impact of hazardous substance emissions on human health.</td><td></td><td>midpoint</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>10</td><td>ecotoxicity</td><td>Ecotoxicity</td><td>An indicator evaluating the impact of hazardous substance emissions on ecosystems.</td><td></td><td>midpoint</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>11</td><td>ozone-depletion</td><td>Ozone Depletion</td><td>An indicator evaluating the impact of ozone-depleting substances on the stratospheric ozone layer.</td><td></td><td>midpoint</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>12</td><td>water-use</td><td>Water Use</td><td>An indicator evaluating water resource consumption and impact on water scarcity.</td><td></td><td>midpoint</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>13</td><td>land-use</td><td>Land Use</td><td>An indicator evaluating land use change and its impact on ecosystems.</td><td></td><td>midpoint</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>14</td><td>particulate-matter</td><td>Particulate Matter</td><td>An indicator evaluating the impact of atmospheric particulates on human health.</td><td></td><td>midpoint</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>15</td><td>photochemical-ozone</td><td>Photochemical Ozone Formation</td><td>An indicator evaluating photochemical smog formation and its impact on human health and ecosystems.</td><td></td><td>midpoint</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>16</td><td>ionizing-radiation</td><td>Ionizing Radiation</td><td>An indicator evaluating the impact of ionizing radiation from radioactive substances.</td><td></td><td>midpoint</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>17</td><td>simapro</td><td>SimaPro</td><td>LCA software widely used in academic research and consulting.</td><td></td><td></td><td>software</td></tr>
<tr><td>18</td><td>openlca</td><td>OpenLCA</td><td>Free, open-source LCA software.</td><td></td><td></td><td>software</td></tr>
<tr><td>19</td><td>gabi</td><td>GaBi</td><td>Comprehensive LCA software and database for large enterprises.</td><td></td><td></td><td>software</td></tr>
<tr><td>20</td><td>ecoinvent</td><td>Ecoinvent</td><td>The world's largest LCI database providing high-quality process data.</td><td></td><td></td><td>database</td></tr>
<tr><td>21</td><td>idea</td><td>IDEA</td><td>An LCI database focused on Japanese industrial data.</td><td></td><td></td><td>database</td></tr>
<tr><td>22</td><td>recipe-method</td><td>ReCiPe Assessment Method</td><td>An LCIA method providing both midpoint and endpoint indicators.</td><td></td><td></td><td>method</td></tr>
<tr><td>23</td><td>ef-method</td><td>Environmental Footprint (EF)</td><td>The official environmental footprint assessment method defined by the EU.</td><td></td><td></td><td>method</td></tr></tbody>
</table>