INI

Types of Poverty - INI

Types of poverty are classified from various perspectives, including absolute poverty, relative poverty, and multidimensional poverty. Absolute poverty refers to a state where minimum living standards necessary for survival are not met, while relative poverty is based on relative economic positioning within society. Multidimensional poverty encompasses not only income but also composite factors such as health, education, and living conditions. Additionally, classifications based on duration and causes exist, such as situational poverty, generational poverty, and chronic poverty. These types form an important foundation for understanding poverty and developing countermeasures.

poverty absolute poverty relative poverty multidimensional poverty social issues SDGs World Bank UNDP

[item.absolute-poverty]
code=01
slug=absolute-poverty
name=Absolute Poverty
description=A state where minimum living standards necessary for survival are not met.
measurement=International Poverty Line: $3.00 per day (2021 PPP)
primaryRegions=["Sub-Saharan Africa","South Asia","Fragile States"]
dimensions=
causes=
barriers=
duration=
statistics2025=
characteristics=
factors=

[item.relative-poverty]
code=02
slug=relative-poverty
name=Relative Poverty
description=An economically disadvantaged state compared to the average living standards of society.
measurement=Below 50% of median equivalized disposable income
primaryRegions=["Developed Countries","Japan","United States","European Countries"]
dimensions=
causes=
barriers=
duration=
statistics2025=
characteristics=
factors=

[item.multidimensional-poverty]
code=03
slug=multidimensional-poverty
name=Multidimensional Poverty
description=A state of deprivation across multiple composite factors including health, education, and living conditions beyond income.
measurement=Deprivation in at least one-third of 10 weighted indicators
primaryRegions=
dimensions=["Health","Education","Living Standards"]
causes=
barriers=
duration=
statistics2025=
characteristics=
factors=

[item.situational-poverty]
code=04
slug=situational-poverty
name=Situational Poverty
description=A temporary state of poverty caused by specific crisis situations.
measurement=
primaryRegions=
dimensions=
causes=["Job Loss","Divorce","Medical Expenses","Natural Disasters","Economic Recession"]
barriers=
duration=
statistics2025=
characteristics=
factors=

[item.generational-poverty]
code=05
slug=generational-poverty
name=Generational Poverty
description=A cycle of poverty continuing across two or more generations.
measurement=
primaryRegions=
dimensions=
causes=
barriers=["Educational Disparities","Lack of Employment Opportunities","Limited Healthcare Access","Discrimination","Regional Poverty"]
duration=
statistics2025=
characteristics=
factors=

[item.chronic-poverty]
code=06
slug=chronic-poverty
name=Chronic Poverty
description=Extreme poverty persisting over long periods or throughout a person's lifetime.
measurement=
primaryRegions=
dimensions=
causes=
barriers=
duration=Long-term (years to lifetime)
statistics2025=
characteristics=
factors=

[item.extreme-poverty]
code=07
slug=extreme-poverty
name=Extreme Poverty
description=The most severe form of absolute poverty threatening survival.
measurement=
primaryRegions=
dimensions=
causes=
barriers=
duration=
statistics2025=808 million people (9.9% of world population)
characteristics=
factors=

[item.urban-poverty]
code=08
slug=urban-poverty
name=Urban Poverty
description=Poverty observed in urban areas.
measurement=
primaryRegions=
dimensions=
causes=
barriers=
duration=
statistics2025=
characteristics=["Overcrowding","Slums","Inadequate City Services","Environmental Pollution"]
factors=

[item.rural-poverty]
code=09
slug=rural-poverty
name=Rural Poverty
description=Poverty observed in non-metropolitan areas.
measurement=
primaryRegions=
dimensions=
causes=
barriers=
duration=
statistics2025=83.5% of multidimensionally poor live in rural areas
characteristics=
factors=

[item.working-poverty]
code=10
slug=working-poverty
name=Working Poverty
description=A state of poverty despite being employed.
measurement=
primaryRegions=
dimensions=
causes=
barriers=
duration=
statistics2025=
characteristics=
factors=["Non-regular Employment","Low Wages","Part-time Work","Rising Living Costs"]