Professional Qualifications in Japan - JSON

[
  {
    "code": "01",
    "slug": "doctor",
    "category": "medical",
    "name": "Medical Doctor",
    "description": "A national qualification that allows exclusive practice of medical procedures.",
    "requirements": {
      "education": "Graduation from medical school (6-year program) or equivalent academic recognition",
      "examination": "National Medical Examination (held around February each year)",
      "experience": "Clinical training (2 years) required",
      "passRate": "Approximately 90% (for new medical school graduates)"
    },
    "regulatoryBody": "Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare",
    "legalBasis": "Medical Practitioners' Act"
  },
  {
    "code": "02",
    "slug": "pharmacist",
    "category": "medical",
    "name": "Pharmacist",
    "description": "A national qualification for exclusive dispensing and sale of pharmaceuticals.",
    "requirements": {
      "education": "Graduation from pharmacy school (6-year program) or equivalent academic recognition",
      "examination": "National Pharmacist Examination (held around February each year)",
      "experience": "Practical training (hospital and pharmacy internships) required",
      "passRate": "Approximately 70% (overall), approximately 85% (new graduates)"
    },
    "regulatoryBody": "Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare",
    "legalBasis": "Pharmacists Act"
  },
  {
    "code": "03",
    "slug": "lawyer",
    "category": "legal",
    "name": "Lawyer (Attorney)",
    "description": "A national qualification for legal professionals providing legal consultation and litigation representation.",
    "requirements": {
      "education": "Graduation from law school (3 years for non-law graduates, 2 years for law graduates) or passing the preliminary examination",
      "examination": "Bar Examination (essay and multiple-choice formats)",
      "experience": "Judicial training (approximately 1 year) required",
      "passRate": "Approximately 20-30% (around 39% in 2023)"
    },
    "regulatoryBody": "Japan Federation of Bar Associations",
    "legalBasis": "Attorney Act"
  },
  {
    "code": "04",
    "slug": "certified-public-accountant",
    "category": "financial",
    "name": "Certified Public Accountant",
    "description": "A national qualification for financial auditing and accounting services.",
    "requirements": {
      "education": "No educational requirements (open to all)",
      "examination": "Certified Public Accountant Examination (short-answer and essay formats)",
      "experience": "3+ years practical experience + practical training + passing completion examination",
      "passRate": "Essay examination approximately 10-15%"
    },
    "regulatoryBody": "Financial Services Agency & Japanese Institute of Certified Public Accountants",
    "legalBasis": "Certified Public Accountants Act"
  },
  {
    "code": "05",
    "slug": "tax-accountant",
    "category": "financial",
    "name": "Tax Accountant",
    "description": "A national qualification for tax return preparation and tax consultation.",
    "requirements": {
      "education": "University, junior college, or technical college graduation + 1+ social science subject (for tax subjects only)",
      "examination": "Tax Accountant Examination (Bookkeeping, Financial Statements, Income Tax, Corporate Tax, Consumption Tax, etc.)",
      "experience": "2+ years practical experience required after passing examination",
      "passRate": "Approximately 2-3% pass all 5 subjects (around 1.5% in 2024)"
    },
    "regulatoryBody": "National Tax Agency & Japan Federation of Certified Public Tax Accountants' Associations",
    "legalBasis": "Tax Accountant Act"
  },
  {
    "code": "06",
    "slug": "social-insurance-labor-consultant",
    "category": "labor",
    "name": "Social Insurance Labor Consultant",
    "description": "A national qualification for labor management and social insurance procedures.",
    "requirements": {
      "education": "University, junior college, or technical college graduation, or 62+ university credits",
      "examination": "Social Insurance Labor Consultant Examination (held in August each year)",
      "experience": "2+ years practical experience or completion of designated training required after examination",
      "passRate": "Approximately 5-9%"
    },
    "regulatoryBody": "Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare & National Federation of Social Insurance Labor Consultants Associations",
    "legalBasis": "Social Insurance Labor Consultant Act"
  },
  {
    "code": "07",
    "slug": "architect",
    "category": "technical",
    "name": "Architect",
    "description": "A national qualification for building design and supervision.",
    "requirements": {
      "education": "Completion of specified credits in architecture-related subjects at university, junior college, or technical college",
      "examination": "Architect Examination (written and design drafting examinations)",
      "experience": "Practical experience required after examination (2-4 years depending on education)",
      "passRate": "First-Class approximately 15-25%, Second-Class approximately 20-30%"
    },
    "regulatoryBody": "Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism & Prefectures",
    "legalBasis": "Architect Act"
  },
  {
    "code": "08",
    "slug": "teacher",
    "category": "education",
    "name": "Teacher",
    "description": "A national qualification for engaging in school education.",
    "requirements": {
      "education": "Completion of required credits at universities, junior colleges, or graduate schools with teacher training programs",
      "examination": "Teacher Employment Examination (conducted by prefectural boards of education)",
      "experience": "Teaching practice (approximately 3 weeks) and care experience (7+ days) required",
      "passRate": "Teacher employment examinations have competition rates of several to dozens of times"
    },
    "regulatoryBody": "Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology & Prefectural Boards of Education",
    "legalBasis": "Educational Personnel Certification Law"
  },
  {
    "code": "09",
    "slug": "judicial-scrivener",
    "category": "legal",
    "name": "Judicial Scrivener",
    "description": "A national qualification for proxy registration application procedures.",
    "requirements": {
      "education": "No educational requirements (open to all)",
      "examination": "Judicial Scrivener Examination (multiple-choice and essay formats)",
      "experience": "Practical training (6+ months) required after examination",
      "passRate": "Approximately 2-4%"
    },
    "regulatoryBody": "Ministry of Justice & Japan Federation of Judicial Scriveners Associations",
    "legalBasis": "Judicial Scrivener Act"
  },
  {
    "code": "10",
    "slug": "administrative-scrivener",
    "category": "legal",
    "name": "Administrative Scrivener",
    "description": "A national qualification for preparing and submitting administrative documents.",
    "requirements": {
      "education": "No educational requirements (open to all)",
      "examination": "Administrative Scrivener Examination (multiple-choice format)",
      "experience": "No practical experience required (registration only after examination)",
      "passRate": "Approximately 10-15%"
    },
    "regulatoryBody": "Ministry of Justice & Japan Federation of Administrative Scriveners Associations",
    "legalBasis": "Administrative Scrivener Act"
  }
]