INI

Types of Tunnels - INI

Tunnels are classified by purpose (road, railway, waterway, etc.), construction location (mountain, urban, underwater, etc.), and construction method (mountain tunneling, shield tunneling, cut-and-cover, immersed tube, etc.). Japan is one of the world's leading tunnel countries with approximately 15,000 tunnels. Tunnel technology is essential for transportation infrastructure development, enabling safe and efficient movement.

tunnel civil engineering infrastructure road railway underground structure construction method

[item.road-tunnel]
code=P01
slug=road-tunnel
name=Road Tunnel
description=Tunnel for vehicles and pedestrians to pass through.
category=By Purpose

[item.railway-tunnel]
code=P02
slug=railway-tunnel
name=Railway Tunnel
description=Tunnel for railway trains to pass through.
category=By Purpose

[item.subway-tunnel]
code=P03
slug=subway-tunnel
name=Subway Tunnel
description=Tunnel used for urban subway systems.
category=By Purpose

[item.waterway-tunnel]
code=P04
slug=waterway-tunnel
name=Waterway Tunnel
description=Tunnel used for water conveyance and drainage.
category=By Purpose

[item.utility-tunnel]
code=P05
slug=utility-tunnel
name=Utility Tunnel
description=Tunnel for lifelines such as electricity, gas, telecommunications, and sewers.
category=By Purpose

[item.other-underground-space]
code=P06
slug=other-underground-space
name=Other Underground Space
description=Underground spaces for oil/gas storage, flood control, underground shopping malls, etc.
category=By Purpose

[item.mountain-tunnel]
code=L01
slug=mountain-tunnel
name=Mountain Tunnel
description=Tunnel constructed in mountainous areas.
category=By Location

[item.urban-tunnel]
code=L02
slug=urban-tunnel
name=Urban Tunnel
description=Tunnel constructed under urban and city areas.
category=By Location

[item.underwater-tunnel]
code=L03
slug=underwater-tunnel
name=Underwater Tunnel
description=Tunnel passing under seas, lakes, and rivers.
category=By Location

[item.natm-tunnel]
code=M01
slug=natm-tunnel
name=NATM Tunnel
description=Method supporting ground with shotcrete after blasting or mechanical excavation.
category=By Construction Method

[item.shield-tunnel]
code=M02
slug=shield-tunnel
name=Shield Tunnel
description=Method using a shield machine to excavate.
category=By Construction Method

[item.cut-and-cover-tunnel]
code=M03
slug=cut-and-cover-tunnel
name=Cut-and-Cover Tunnel
description=Method excavating from the surface and backfilling after construction.
category=By Construction Method

[item.immersed-tube-tunnel]
code=M04
slug=immersed-tube-tunnel
name=Immersed Tube Tunnel
description=Method sinking prefabricated sections to the seabed and connecting them.
category=By Construction Method

[item.tbm-tunnel]
code=M05
slug=tbm-tunnel
name=TBM Tunnel
description=Method using a Tunnel Boring Machine.
category=By Construction Method