INI

Universal Decimal Classification - INI

The Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) is a multilingual classification system for libraries and bibliographic services, developed in 1895 by Paul Otlet and Henri La Fontaine in Belgium. Built upon and improved from Melvil Dewey's Decimal Classification, it is currently used in approximately 150,000 libraries across more than 130 countries worldwide. The system consists of 10 main classes (0-9) and has been translated into over 40 languages, making it one of the most internationally widespread classification systems.

library classification knowledge organization bibliographic international standard

[item.science-knowledge-information]
code=0
slug=science-knowledge-information
name=Science and Knowledge. Organization. Computer Science. Information. Documentation. Librarianship. Institutions. Publications
description=Covers science, knowledge organization, computer science, information, documentation, librarianship, institutions, and publications.

[item.philosophy-psychology]
code=1
slug=philosophy-psychology
name=Philosophy. Psychology
description=Covers philosophy, metaphysics, logic, ethics, and psychology.

[item.religion-theology]
code=2
slug=religion-theology
name=Religion. Theology
description=Covers religion, theology, mythology, and religious practices.

[item.social-sciences]
code=3
slug=social-sciences
name=Social Sciences
description=Covers sociology, political science, economics, law, public administration, and education.

[item.vacant]
code=4
slug=vacant
name=(Vacant)
description=A vacant class reserved for future expansion.

[item.mathematics-natural-sciences]
code=5
slug=mathematics-natural-sciences
name=Mathematics and Natural Sciences
description=Covers mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry, earth sciences, and biology.

[item.applied-sciences-medicine-technology]
code=6
slug=applied-sciences-medicine-technology
name=Applied Sciences. Medicine. Technology
description=Covers medicine, engineering, agriculture, home economics, management, and chemical technology.

[item.arts-recreation-entertainment-sport]
code=7
slug=arts-recreation-entertainment-sport
name=The Arts. Recreation. Entertainment. Sport
description=Covers fine arts, music, theater, film, recreation, entertainment, and sports.

[item.language-linguistics-literature]
code=8
slug=language-linguistics-literature
name=Language. Linguistics. Literature
description=Covers linguistics, languages, literature, and literary criticism.

[item.geography-biography-history]
code=9
slug=geography-biography-history
name=Geography. Biography. History
description=Covers geography, biography, archaeology, and history.