生物多様性の指標 - JSON

[
  {
    "code": "BDI-001",
    "slug": "shannon-wiener-index",
    "name": "シャノン・ウィナー指数",
    "description": "情報理論のエントロピー概念に基づく多様度指数です。",
    "category": "多様度指数",
    "formula": "H' = -Σ(pi × ln(pi))",
    "range": {
      "min": 0,
      "max": null,
      "unit": "bit"
    }
  },
  {
    "code": "BDI-002",
    "slug": "simpson-index",
    "name": "シンプソン指数",
    "description": "ランダムに2個体を抽出した際に異なる種に属する確率を表す指標です。",
    "category": "多様度指数",
    "formula": "D = 1 - Σ(pi²)",
    "range": {
      "min": 0,
      "max": 1,
      "unit": "probability"
    }
  },
  {
    "code": "BDI-003",
    "slug": "pielou-evenness-index",
    "name": "ピエロー均度指数",
    "description": "種の分布の均一性を測定する指標です。",
    "category": "均度指数",
    "formula": "J' = H' / ln(S)",
    "range": {
      "min": 0,
      "max": 1,
      "unit": "ratio"
    }
  },
  {
    "code": "BDI-004",
    "slug": "margalef-richness-index",
    "name": "マーガレフ豊富度指数",
    "description": "種の豊富さを評価する指標です。",
    "category": "豊富度指数",
    "formula": "R = (S - 1) / ln(N)",
    "range": {
      "min": 0,
      "max": null,
      "unit": "dimensionless"
    }
  },
  {
    "code": "BDI-005",
    "slug": "red-list-index",
    "name": "レッドリスト指数",
    "description": "IUCNレッドリストに基づく種の絶滅リスクの変化を測定する指標です。",
    "category": "絶滅リスク指標",
    "formula": "Weighted sum of species in each category",
    "range": {
      "min": 0,
      "max": 1,
      "unit": "index"
    }
  },
  {
    "code": "BDI-006",
    "slug": "living-planet-index",
    "name": "生きている地球指数",
    "description": "脊椎動物の個体群サイズの変動を追跡する指標です。",
    "category": "生物多様性動向指標",
    "formula": "Geometric mean of population trends",
    "range": {
      "min": 0,
      "max": null,
      "unit": "index"
    }
  },
  {
    "code": "BDI-007",
    "slug": "biodiversity-intactness-index",
    "name": "生物多様性完全度指数",
    "description": "自然状態と比較した種の残存割合を示す指標です。",
    "category": "生態系完全性指標",
    "formula": "(Abundance of all species / Expected abundance) × 100",
    "range": {
      "min": 0,
      "max": 100,
      "unit": "percent"
    }
  },
  {
    "code": "BDI-008",
    "slug": "mean-species-abundance",
    "name": "平均種豊富度指数",
    "description": "原始状態と比較した単位面積当たりの種の豊富度を示す指標です。",
    "category": "生態系完全性指標",
    "formula": "MSA = Observed abundance / Pristine abundance",
    "range": {
      "min": 0,
      "max": 1,
      "unit": "ratio"
    }
  },
  {
    "code": "BDI-009",
    "slug": "marine-trophic-index",
    "name": "海洋食物連鎖指数",
    "description": "漁獲データに基づく魚種の平均栄養段階を示す指標です。",
    "category": "海洋生態系指標",
    "formula": "Weighted average of trophic levels",
    "range": {
      "min": 2,
      "max": 5,
      "unit": "trophic level"
    }
  },
  {
    "code": "BDI-010",
    "slug": "star-metric",
    "name": "STAR指標",
    "description": "特定地域での保全活動が世界全体の絶滅リスク軽減に寄与する可能性を定量化する指標です。",
    "category": "保全効果指標",
    "formula": "Weighted sum of species extinction risk reduction potential",
    "range": {
      "min": 0,
      "max": null,
      "unit": "dimensionless"
    }
  },
  {
    "code": "BDI-011",
    "slug": "chao1-estimator",
    "name": "チャオ1推定値",
    "description": "未観測の種を含む推定総種数を算出する指標です。",
    "category": "種数推定指標",
    "formula": "S_obs + (a₁(a₁-1))/(2(a₂+1))",
    "range": {
      "min": 0,
      "max": null,
      "unit": "species count"
    }
  },
  {
    "code": "BDI-012",
    "slug": "protected-area-coverage",
    "name": "保護地域覆盖率",
    "description": "保護地域が総陸地面積または海域面積に占める割合を示す指標です。",
    "category": "保全状況指標",
    "formula": "(Protected area / Total area) × 100",
    "range": {
      "min": 0,
      "max": 100,
      "unit": "percent"
    }
  },
  {
    "code": "BDI-013",
    "slug": "key-biodiversity-areas",
    "name": "主要生物多様性地域",
    "description": "地球規模の生物多様性維持に極めて重要な場所を特定する指標です。",
    "category": "保全優先地域指標",
    "formula": "Site-based assessment against KBA criteria",
    "range": {
      "min": null,
      "max": null,
      "unit": "site count"
    }
  },
  {
    "code": "BDI-014",
    "slug": "ecosystem-services-indicators",
    "name": "生態系サービス指標群",
    "description": "生態系が提供するサービスの量と質を評価する指標群です。",
    "category": "生態系サービス指標",
    "formula": "Various metrics depending on service type",
    "range": {
      "min": null,
      "max": null,
      "unit": "varies"
    }
  },
  {
    "code": "BDI-015",
    "slug": "red-list-categories",
    "name": "レッドリストカテゴリー",
    "description": "IUCNが定める種の絶滅リスクを分類する9つのカテゴリーです。",
    "category": "絶滅リスク分類",
    "formula": "Assessment against IUCN Red List criteria",
    "range": {
      "min": null,
      "max": null,
      "unit": "categorical"
    }
  }
]