TOML

暦法 - TOML

暦法は、時間を測定し日付を決定するための体系です。太陽暦、太陰暦、太陰太陽暦の3つの主要なタイプがあり、それぞれが天文現象を異なる方法で基準としています。グレゴリオ暦、ユリウス暦、ヒジュラ暦、中国暦など、世界各地の文化や宗教に根ざした多様な暦法が存在し、現代でも日常生活や宗教行事、農業活動などに広く利用されています。

暦太陽暦太陰暦太陰太陽暦グレゴリオ暦ユリウス暦イスラム暦旧暦天文

[[items]]
code = "01"
slug = "gregorian-calendar"
name = "グレゴリオ暦"
description = "現在の世界標準である太陽暦。"
introduced = "1582"
leapYearRule = "Divisible by 4, except century years not divisible by 400"
origin = "Europe"
type = "太陽暦"
yearLength = 365.2425

[[items]]
code = "02"
slug = "julian-calendar"
name = "ユリウス暦"
description = "古代ローマで制定された太陽暦。"
introduced = "46 BCE"
leapYearRule = "Every 4 years"
origin = "Rome"
type = "太陽暦"
yearLength = 365.25

[[items]]
code = "03"
slug = "islamic-calendar"
name = "ヒジュラ暦（イスラム暦）"
description = "純粋な太陰暦。イスラム教の宗教行事に使用される。"
introduced = "639 CE"
leapYearRule = "None (30-year cycle with 11 leap days)"
origin = "Arabia"
type = "太陰暦"
yearLength = 354.37

[[items]]
code = "04"
slug = "chinese-calendar"
name = "中国暦（旧暦）"
description = "太陰太陽暦。月の満ち欠けと太陽の動きを組み合わせた暦。"
introduced = "Ancient"
leapYearRule = "Leap month inserted 7 times per 19 years"
origin = "China"
type = "太陰太陽暦"
yearLength = 354

[[items]]
code = "05"
slug = "hebrew-calendar"
name = "ヘブライ暦"
description = "ユダヤ教で使用される太陰太陽暦。"
introduced = "Ancient"
leapYearRule = "7 leap months per 19 years"
origin = "Middle East"
type = "太陰太陽暦"
yearLength = 354

[[items]]
code = "06"
slug = "persian-calendar"
name = "ペルシア暦（イラン暦）"
description = "世界で最も正確な太陽暦の一つ。"
introduced = "1925 (modern version)"
leapYearRule = "Complex 33-year cycle"
origin = "Persia (Iran)"
type = "太陽暦"
yearLength = 365.242198

[[items]]
code = "07"
slug = "hindu-calendar"
name = "ヒンドゥー暦"
description = "インドで使用される太陰太陽暦。地域により多様なバリエーションがある。"
introduced = "Ancient"
leapYearRule = "Regional variations"
origin = "India"
type = "太陰太陽暦"
yearLength = 354

[[items]]
code = "08"
slug = "ethiopian-calendar"
name = "エチオピア暦"
description = "エチオピアで使用される太陽暦。西暦より約7〜8年遅れている。"
introduced = "Ancient"
leapYearRule = "Every 4 years"
origin = "Ethiopia"
type = "太陽暦"
yearLength = 365.25