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日本の伝統的な季節の区分 - XML
日本の伝統的な季節の区分は、太陽の動きに基づいて1年を24等分した「二十四節気」と、それをさらに3つに分けた「七十二候」から構成される暦体系です。7世紀頃に中国から伝来し、江戸時代に渋川春海によって日本の気候風土に合わせて改訂されました。2016年にはユネスコ無形文化遺産に登録され、現代でも暦注やカレンダーに記載され、季節を感じる指標として親しまれています。
二十四節気
七十二候
暦
季節
伝統文化
国立天文台
ユネスコ無形文化遺産
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<items>
<item>
<code>01</code>
<slug>spring-beginning</slug>
<name>春の節気</name>
<description>立春から穀雨までの6つの節気です。</description>
<season>spring</season>
<terms>[{"number":1,"slug":"risshun","name":"立春","reading":"りっしゅん","period":"2月4日頃","meaning":"春の始まりであり、1年のはじまり"},{"number":2,"slug":"usui","name":"雨水","reading":"うすい","period":"2月19日頃","meaning":"雪や氷が解けて水になり、雪が雨に変わる頃"},{"number":3,"slug":"keichitsu","name":"啓蟄","reading":"けいちつ","period":"3月6日頃","meaning":"土の中で冬ごもりしていた虫たちが出てくる頃"},{"number":4,"slug":"shunbun","name":"春分","reading":"しゅんぶん","period":"3月21日頃","meaning":"昼と夜の長さがほぼ同じになる日"},{"number":5,"slug":"seimei","name":"清明","reading":"せいめい","period":"4月5日頃","meaning":"すべての物事が清く明らかになっている頃"},{"number":6,"slug":"kokuu","name":"穀雨","reading":"こくう","period":"4月20日頃","meaning":"春の雨が田畑を潤し、穀物の成長を助ける頃"}]</terms>
<count></count>
<microSeasons></microSeasons>
<type></type>
</item>
<item>
<code>02</code>
<slug>summer-beginning</slug>
<name>夏の節気</name>
<description>立夏から大暑までの6つの節気です。</description>
<season>summer</season>
<terms>[{"number":7,"slug":"rikka","name":"立夏","reading":"りっか","period":"5月6日頃","meaning":"野山に新緑が増え、夏の気配が感じられる頃"},{"number":8,"slug":"shoman","name":"小満","reading":"しょうまん","period":"5月21日頃","meaning":"草木が成長して生い茂る頃"},{"number":9,"slug":"boshu","name":"芒種","reading":"ぼうしゅ","period":"6月6日頃","meaning":"稲や麦などの種を蒔く頃"},{"number":10,"slug":"geshi","name":"夏至","reading":"げし","period":"6月21日頃","meaning":"一年で昼の長さが最も長くなる頃"},{"number":11,"slug":"shosho","name":"小暑","reading":"しょうしょ","period":"7月7日頃","meaning":"梅雨明けが近く暑さが増し始める頃"},{"number":12,"slug":"taisho","name":"大暑","reading":"たいしょ","period":"7月23日頃","meaning":"夏の暑さが本格的になる頃"}]</terms>
<count></count>
<microSeasons></microSeasons>
<type></type>
</item>
<item>
<code>03</code>
<slug>autumn-beginning</slug>
<name>秋の節気</name>
<description>立秋から霜降までの6つの節気です。</description>
<season>autumn</season>
<terms>[{"number":13,"slug":"risshu","name":"立秋","reading":"りっしゅう","period":"8月8日頃","meaning":"暑さは続くが、秋の気配を感じる頃"},{"number":14,"slug":"shosho-end","name":"処暑","reading":"しょしょ","period":"8月23日頃","meaning":"暑さが和らぎ、台風シーズンになる頃"},{"number":15,"slug":"hakuro","name":"白露","reading":"はくろ","period":"9月8日頃","meaning":"明け方、草花に白露が宿り、秋が深まる頃"},{"number":16,"slug":"shubun","name":"秋分","reading":"しゅうぶん","period":"9月23日頃","meaning":"昼と夜の長さがほぼ同じになる日"},{"number":17,"slug":"kanro","name":"寒露","reading":"かんろ","period":"10月8日頃","meaning":"草木に冷たい露が宿り寒さを感じる頃"},{"number":18,"slug":"soko","name":"霜降","reading":"そうこう","period":"10月23日頃","meaning":"早朝に霜が降りはじめる頃"}]</terms>
<count></count>
<microSeasons></microSeasons>
<type></type>
</item>
<item>
<code>04</code>
<slug>winter-beginning</slug>
<name>冬の節気</name>
<description>立冬から大寒までの6つの節気です。</description>
<season>winter</season>
<terms>[{"number":19,"slug":"ritto","name":"立冬","reading":"りっとう","period":"11月7日頃","meaning":"木枯らしが吹き、冬の気配を感じる頃"},{"number":20,"slug":"shosetsu","name":"小雪","reading":"しょうせつ","period":"11月22日頃","meaning":"木々の葉が落ち、遠くの山々には初雪が降り始める頃"},{"number":21,"slug":"taisetsu","name":"大雪","reading":"たいせつ","period":"12月7日頃","meaning":"寒さもだんだん厳しくなり、雪が多くなる頃"},{"number":22,"slug":"toji","name":"冬至","reading":"とうじ","period":"12月22日頃","meaning":"一年で夜の長さがもっとも長くなる頃"},{"number":23,"slug":"shokan","name":"小寒","reading":"しょうかん","period":"1月6日頃","meaning":"本格的な寒さを迎える頃"},{"number":24,"slug":"daikan","name":"大寒","reading":"だいかん","period":"1月20日頃","meaning":"一年でもっとも寒さの厳しい頃"}]</terms>
<count></count>
<microSeasons></microSeasons>
<type></type>
</item>
<item>
<code>72-01</code>
<slug>spring-micro-seasons</slug>
<name>春の七十二候</name>
<description>立春から穀雨にかけての18の候です。</description>
<season>spring</season>
<terms></terms>
<count>18</count>
<microSeasons>[{"number":1,"slug":"kochi-kaito","name":"東風解凍","reading":"こちかいとう","period":"2/4〜2/8頃","solarTerm":"立春・初候"},{"number":2,"slug":"ko-okenkan","name":"黄鶯睍睆","reading":"こうおうけんかん","period":"2/9〜2/13頃","solarTerm":"立春・次候"},{"number":3,"slug":"uo-kori-izuru","name":"魚上氷","reading":"うおこおりをいずる","period":"2/14〜2/18頃","solarTerm":"立春・末候"},{"number":4,"slug":"tsuchi-sho-uruoi-okoru","name":"土脉潤起","reading":"つちのみょううるおいおこる","period":"2/19〜2/23頃","solarTerm":"雨水・初候"},{"number":5,"slug":"kasumi-hajimete-tanabiku","name":"霞始靆","reading":"かすみはじめてたなびく","period":"2/24〜2/28頃","solarTerm":"雨水・次候"},{"number":6,"slug":"somoku-mebae-izuru","name":"草木萌動","reading":"そうもくめばえいずる","period":"3/1〜3/5頃","solarTerm":"雨水・末候"},{"number":7,"slug":"sugomori-mushi-to-hiraku","name":"蟄虫啓戸","reading":"すごもりむしとをひらく","period":"3/6〜3/10頃","solarTerm":"啓蟄・初候"},{"number":8,"slug":"momo-hajimete-saku","name":"桃始笑","reading":"ももはじめてさく","period":"3/11〜3/15頃","solarTerm":"啓蟄・次候"},{"number":9,"slug":"namushi-cho-to-naru","name":"菜虫化蝶","reading":"なむしちょうとなる","period":"3/16〜3/20頃","solarTerm":"啓蟄・末候"},{"number":10,"slug":"suzume-hajimete-sukuu","name":"雀始巣","reading":"すずめはじめてすくう","period":"3/21〜3/25頃","solarTerm":"春分・初候"},{"number":11,"slug":"sakura-hajimete-hiraku","name":"桜始開","reading":"さくらはじめてひらく","period":"3/26〜3/30頃","solarTerm":"春分・次候"},{"number":12,"slug":"kaminari-koe-hassu","name":"雷乃発声","reading":"かみなりすなわちこえをはっす","period":"3/31〜4/4頃","solarTerm":"春分・末候"},{"number":13,"slug":"tsubame-kitaru","name":"玄鳥至","reading":"つばめきたる","period":"4/5〜4/9頃","solarTerm":"清明・初候"},{"number":14,"slug":"kogan-kita-kaeru","name":"鴻雁北","reading":"こうがんきたへかえる","period":"4/10〜4/14頃","solarTerm":"清明・次候"},{"number":15,"slug":"niji-hajimete-arawaru","name":"虹始見","reading":"にじはじめてあらわる","period":"4/15〜4/19頃","solarTerm":"清明・末候"},{"number":16,"slug":"ashi-hajimete-shozu","name":"葭始生","reading":"あしはじめてしょうず","period":"4/20〜4/24頃","solarTerm":"穀雨・初候"},{"number":17,"slug":"shimo-yande-nae-izuru","name":"霜止出苗","reading":"しもやんでなえいずる","period":"4/25〜4/29頃","solarTerm":"穀雨・次候"},{"number":18,"slug":"botan-hana-saku","name":"牡丹華","reading":"ぼたんはなさく","period":"4/30〜5/4頃","solarTerm":"穀雨・末候"}]</microSeasons>
<type>micro-seasons</type>
</item>
<item>
<code>72-02</code>
<slug>summer-micro-seasons</slug>
<name>夏の七十二候</name>
<description>立夏から大暑にかけての18の候です。</description>
<season>summer</season>
<terms></terms>
<count>18</count>
<microSeasons>[{"number":19,"slug":"kawazu-hajimete-naku","name":"蛙始鳴","reading":"かわずはじめてなく","period":"5/5〜5/9頃","solarTerm":"立夏・初候"},{"number":20,"slug":"mimizu-izuru","name":"蚯蚓出","reading":"みみずいずる","period":"5/10〜5/14頃","solarTerm":"立夏・次候"},{"number":21,"slug":"takenoko-shozu","name":"竹笋生","reading":"たけのこしょうず","period":"5/15〜5/20頃","solarTerm":"立夏・末候"},{"number":22,"slug":"kaiko-okite-kuwa-hamu","name":"蚕起食桑","reading":"かいこおきてくわをはむ","period":"5/21〜5/25頃","solarTerm":"小満・初候"},{"number":23,"slug":"benibana-sakau","name":"紅花栄","reading":"べにばなさかう","period":"5/26〜5/30頃","solarTerm":"小満・次候"},{"number":24,"slug":"mugi-toki-itaru","name":"麦秋至","reading":"むぎのときいたる","period":"5/31〜6/4頃","solarTerm":"小満・末候"},{"number":25,"slug":"kamakiri-shozu","name":"螳螂生","reading":"かまきりしょうず","period":"6/5〜6/9頃","solarTerm":"芒種・初候"},{"number":26,"slug":"kusata-kusa-hotaru","name":"腐草為蛍","reading":"くされたるくさほたるとなる","period":"6/10〜6/15頃","solarTerm":"芒種・次候"},{"number":27,"slug":"ume-kibamu","name":"梅子黄","reading":"うめのみきばむ","period":"6/16〜6/20頃","solarTerm":"芒種・末候"},{"number":28,"slug":"nindou-karuru","name":"乃東枯","reading":"にんどうかるる","period":"6/21〜6/25頃","solarTerm":"夏至・初候"},{"number":29,"slug":"ayame-hana-saku","name":"菖蒲華","reading":"あやめはなさく","period":"6/26〜6/30頃","solarTerm":"夏至・次候"},{"number":30,"slug":"hange-shozu","name":"半夏生","reading":"はんげしょうず","period":"7/1〜7/6頃","solarTerm":"夏至・末候"},{"number":31,"slug":"atsukaze-itaru","name":"温風至","reading":"あついかぜいたる","period":"7/7〜7/11頃","solarTerm":"小暑・初候"},{"number":32,"slug":"hasu-hajimete-hiraku","name":"蓮始開","reading":"はすはじめてひらく","period":"7/12〜7/16頃","solarTerm":"小暑・次候"},{"number":33,"slug":"taka-waza-narau","name":"鷹乃学習","reading":"たかすなわちわざをならう","period":"7/17〜7/21頃","solarTerm":"小暑・末候"},{"number":34,"slug":"kiri-hana-musubu","name":"桐始結花","reading":"きりはじめてはなをむすぶ","period":"7/22〜7/27頃","solarTerm":"大暑・初候"},{"number":35,"slug":"tsuchi-uruo-mushi-atsushi","name":"土潤溽暑","reading":"つちうるおいてむしあつし","period":"7/28〜8/1頃","solarTerm":"大暑・次候"},{"number":36,"slug":"taiu-tokidoki-furu","name":"大雨時行","reading":"たいうじどころにふる","period":"8/2〜8/6頃","solarTerm":"大暑・末候"}]</microSeasons>
<type>micro-seasons</type>
</item>
<item>
<code>72-03</code>
<slug>autumn-micro-seasons</slug>
<name>秋の七十二候</name>
<description>立秋から霜降にかけての18の候です。</description>
<season>autumn</season>
<terms></terms>
<count>18</count>
<microSeasons>[{"number":37,"slug":"suzukaze-itaru","name":"涼風至","reading":"すずしいかぜいたる","period":"8/7〜8/11頃","solarTerm":"立秋・初候"},{"number":38,"slug":"higurashi-naku","name":"寒蝉鳴","reading":"ひぐらしなく","period":"8/12〜8/16頃","solarTerm":"立秋・次候"},{"number":39,"slug":"fukaki-kiri-matou","name":"蒙霧升降","reading":"ふかききりまとう","period":"8/17〜8/22頃","solarTerm":"立秋・末候"},{"number":40,"slug":"wata-shibe-hiraku","name":"綿柎開","reading":"わたのはなしべひらく","period":"8/23〜8/27頃","solarTerm":"処暑・初候"},{"number":41,"slug":"tenchi-hajimete-samushi","name":"天地始粛","reading":"てんちはじめてさむし","period":"8/28〜9/1頃","solarTerm":"処暑・次候"},{"number":42,"slug":"kokumotsu-minoru","name":"禾乃登","reading":"こくもつすなわちみのる","period":"9/2〜9/6頃","solarTerm":"処暑・末候"},{"number":43,"slug":"kusa-tsuyu-shiroshi","name":"草露白","reading":"くさのつゆしろし","period":"9/7〜9/11頃","solarTerm":"白露・初候"},{"number":44,"slug":"sekirei-naku","name":"鶺鴒鳴","reading":"せきれいなく","period":"9/12〜9/16頃","solarTerm":"白露・次候"},{"number":45,"slug":"tsubame-saru","name":"玄鳥去","reading":"つばめさる","period":"9/17〜9/21頃","solarTerm":"白露・末候"},{"number":46,"slug":"kaminari-koe-osamu","name":"雷乃収声","reading":"かみなりすなわちこえをおさむ","period":"9/22〜9/27頃","solarTerm":"秋分・初候"},{"number":47,"slug":"sugomori-mushi-to-fusagu","name":"蟄虫坏戸","reading":"すごもりむしとをふさぐ","period":"9/28〜10/2頃","solarTerm":"秋分・次候"},{"number":48,"slug":"mizu-hajimete-karu","name":"水始涸","reading":"みずはじめてかる","period":"10/3〜10/7頃","solarTerm":"秋分・末候"},{"number":49,"slug":"kogan-kitaru","name":"鴻雁来","reading":"こうがんきたる","period":"10/8〜10/12頃","solarTerm":"寒露・初候"},{"number":50,"slug":"kiku-hana-hiraku","name":"菊花開","reading":"きくのはなひらく","period":"10/13〜10/17頃","solarTerm":"寒露・次候"},{"number":51,"slug":"kirigirisu-to-ni-ari","name":"蟋蟀在戸","reading":"きりぎりすとにあり","period":"10/18〜10/22頃","solarTerm":"寒露・末候"},{"number":52,"slug":"shimo-hajimete-furu","name":"霜始降","reading":"しもはじめてふる","period":"10/23〜10/27頃","solarTerm":"霜降・初候"},{"number":53,"slug":"kosame-tokidoki-furu","name":"霎時施","reading":"こさめときどきふる","period":"10/28〜11/1頃","solarTerm":"霜降・次候"},{"number":54,"slug":"momiji-tsuta-kibamu","name":"楓蔦黄","reading":"かえでつたきばむ","period":"11/2〜11/6頃","solarTerm":"霜降・末候"}]</microSeasons>
<type>micro-seasons</type>
</item>
<item>
<code>72-04</code>
<slug>winter-micro-seasons</slug>
<name>冬の七十二候</name>
<description>立冬から大寒にかけての18の候です。</description>
<season>winter</season>
<terms></terms>
<count>18</count>
<microSeasons>[{"number":55,"slug":"sazananka-hajimete-hiraku","name":"山茶始開","reading":"さざんかはじめてひらく","period":"11/7〜11/11頃","solarTerm":"立冬・初候"},{"number":56,"slug":"chi-hajimete-kooru","name":"地始凍","reading":"ちはじめてこおる","period":"11/12〜11/16頃","solarTerm":"立冬・次候"},{"number":57,"slug":"kinsenka-saku","name":"金盞香","reading":"きんせんかさく","period":"11/17〜11/21頃","solarTerm":"立冬・末候"},{"number":58,"slug":"niji-kakurete-miezu","name":"虹蔵不見","reading":"にじかくれてみえず","period":"11/22〜11/26頃","solarTerm":"小雪・初候"},{"number":59,"slug":"kitakaze-konoha-harau","name":"朔風払葉","reading":"きたかぜこのはをはらう","period":"11/27〜12/1頃","solarTerm":"小雪・次候"},{"number":60,"slug":"tachibana-hajimete-kibamu","name":"橘始黄","reading":"たちばなはじめてきばむ","period":"12/2〜12/6頃","solarTerm":"小雪・末候"},{"number":61,"slug":"sora-fusagatte-fuyu","name":"閉塞成冬","reading":"そらさえふさがってふゆとなる","period":"12/7〜12/11頃","solarTerm":"大雪・初候"},{"number":62,"slug":"kuma-ana-ni-komoru","name":"熊蟄穴","reading":"くまあなにこもる","period":"12/12〜12/15頃","solarTerm":"大雪・次候"},{"number":63,"slug":"sake-muragaru","name":"鱖魚群","reading":"さけむらがる","period":"12/16〜12/20頃","solarTerm":"大雪・末候"},{"number":64,"slug":"nindou-shozu","name":"乃東生","reading":"にんどうしょうず","period":"12/21〜12/25頃","solarTerm":"冬至・初候"},{"number":65,"slug":"oshika-tsuno-otsuru","name":"麋角解","reading":"おおしかのつのおつる","period":"12/26〜12/30頃","solarTerm":"冬至・次候"},{"number":66,"slug":"yuki-mugi-izuru","name":"雪下出麦","reading":"ゆきのしたむぎいずる","period":"12/31〜1/4頃","solarTerm":"冬至・末候"},{"number":67,"slug":"seri-sakau","name":"芹乃栄","reading":"せりすなわちさかう","period":"1/5〜1/9頃","solarTerm":"小寒・初候"},{"number":68,"slug":"shimizu-atataka-fukumu","name":"水泉動","reading":"しみずあたたかをふくむ","period":"1/10〜1/14頃","solarTerm":"小寒・次候"},{"number":69,"slug":"kiji-hajimete-naku","name":"雉始雊","reading":"きじはじめてなく","period":"1/15〜1/19頃","solarTerm":"小寒・末候"},{"number":70,"slug":"fuki-hana-saku","name":"款冬華","reading":"ふきのはなさく","period":"1/20〜1/24頃","solarTerm":"大寒・初候"},{"number":71,"slug":"mizusawa-kori-tsumeru","name":"水沢腹堅","reading":"みずさわこおりつめる","period":"1/25〜1/29頃","solarTerm":"大寒・次候"},{"number":72,"slug":"niwatori-hajimete-toya","name":"鶏始乳","reading":"にわとりはじめてとやにつく","period":"1/30〜2/3頃","solarTerm":"大寒・末候"}]</microSeasons>
<type>micro-seasons</type>
</item>
</items>