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物理定数 - YAML

物理定数は、自然界において普遍的に成立する定数であり、物理学や化学などの自然科学の基盤となっています。CODATA(国際科学連合データ委員会)により推奨値が定められており、光速、プランク定数、万有引力定数、アボガドロ定数などが代表的です。2019年のSI単位の再定義により、一部の定数は正確な定義値となりました。

物理 化学 定数 CODATA NIST SI単位 自然科学
- code: "c"
  slug: "speed-of-light"
  symbol: "c"
  name: "光速"
  description: "真空中の光の伝播速度。"
  value: "299792458"
  uncertainty: "exact"
  unit: "m s^-1"
- code: "h"
  slug: "planck-constant"
  symbol: "h"
  name: "プランク定数"
  description: "量子力学の基礎となる定数。"
  value: "6.62607015e-34"
  uncertainty: "exact"
  unit: "J Hz^-1"
- code: "h-bar"
  slug: "reduced-planck-constant"
  symbol: "ℏ"
  name: "ディラック定数(約化プランク定数)"
  description: "プランク定数を2πで割った値。"
  value: "1.054571817e-34"
  uncertainty: "exact"
  unit: "J s"
- code: "G"
  slug: "gravitational-constant"
  symbol: "G"
  name: "万有引力定数"
  description: "ニュートンの万有引力法則における比例定数。"
  value: "6.67430e-11"
  uncertainty: "0.00015e-11"
  unit: "m^3 kg^-1 s^-2"
- code: "Na"
  slug: "avogadro-constant"
  symbol: "N_A"
  name: "アボガドロ定数"
  description: "1モル中の粒子数。"
  value: "6.02214076e23"
  uncertainty: "exact"
  unit: "mol^-1"
- code: "e"
  slug: "elementary-charge"
  symbol: "e"
  name: "基本電荷"
  description: "電子の持つ電荷の大きさ。"
  value: "1.602176634e-19"
  uncertainty: "exact"
  unit: "C"
- code: "k"
  slug: "boltzmann-constant"
  symbol: "k"
  name: "ボルツマン定数"
  description: "温度とエネルギーの変換係数。"
  value: "1.380649e-23"
  uncertainty: "exact"
  unit: "J K^-1"
- code: "alpha"
  slug: "fine-structure-constant"
  symbol: "α"
  name: "微細構造定数"
  description: "電磁相互作用の強さを表す無次元定数。"
  value: "7.2973525643e-3"
  uncertainty: "0.0000000011e-3"
  unit: ""
- code: "me"
  slug: "electron-mass"
  symbol: "m_e"
  name: "電子質量"
  description: "電子の静止質量。"
  value: "9.1093837139e-31"
  uncertainty: "0.0000000028e-31"
  unit: "kg"
- code: "mp"
  slug: "proton-mass"
  symbol: "m_p"
  name: "陽子質量"
  description: "陽子の静止質量。"
  value: "1.67262192595e-27"
  uncertainty: "0.00000000052e-27"
  unit: "kg"
- code: "mn"
  slug: "neutron-mass"
  symbol: "m_n"
  name: "中性子質量"
  description: "中性子の静止質量。"
  value: "1.67492750056e-27"
  uncertainty: "0.00000000085e-27"
  unit: "kg"
- code: "R"
  slug: "molar-gas-constant"
  symbol: "R"
  name: "モル気体定数"
  description: "理想気体の状態方程式における定数。"
  value: "8.314462618"
  uncertainty: "exact"
  unit: "J mol^-1 K^-1"
- code: "sigma"
  slug: "stefan-boltzmann-constant"
  symbol: "σ"
  name: "ステファン・ボルツマン定数"
  description: "黒体放射の全放射エネルギー密度を表す定数。"
  value: "5.670374419e-8"
  uncertainty: "exact"
  unit: "W m^-2 K^-4"
- code: "R-inf"
  slug: "rydberg-constant"
  symbol: "R_∞"
  name: "リュードベリ定数"
  description: "水素原子のスペクトル線を記述する定数。"
  value: "10973731.568157"
  uncertainty: "0.000012"
  unit: "m^-1"
- code: "a0"
  slug: "bohr-radius"
  symbol: "a_0"
  name: "ボーア半径"
  description: "水素原子の基底状態における電子の平均距離。"
  value: "5.29177210544e-11"
  uncertainty: "0.00000000082e-11"
  unit: "m"
- code: "muB"
  slug: "bohr-magneton"
  symbol: "μ_B"
  name: "ボーア磁子"
  description: "電子の磁気モーメントの自然単位。"
  value: "9.2740100657e-24"
  uncertainty: "0.0000000029e-24"
  unit: "J T^-1"
- code: "muN"
  slug: "nuclear-magneton"
  symbol: "μ_N"
  name: "核磁子"
  description: "核子の磁気モーメントの自然単位。"
  value: "5.0507837393e-27"
  uncertainty: "0.0000000016e-27"
  unit: "J T^-1"
- code: "F"
  slug: "faraday-constant"
  symbol: "F"
  name: "ファラデー定数"
  description: "1モルの電子の持つ電荷量。"
  value: "96485.33212"
  uncertainty: "exact"
  unit: "C mol^-1"
- code: "g"
  slug: "standard-acceleration-of-gravity"
  symbol: "g"
  name: "標準重力加速度"
  description: "地球表面での標準的な重力加速度。"
  value: "9.80665"
  uncertainty: "exact"
  unit: "m s^-2"