Structured Lists Directory

CSV

Biodiversity Hotspots - CSV

Biodiversity hotspots, a concept proposed by Norman Myers in 1988, are 36 regions selected based on criteria of high endemic species richness and severe habitat loss. These regions cover only 2.5% of Earth's land surface but support over 50% of the world's plant species and 43% of land vertebrates. Each hotspot has lost at least 70% of its original natural vegetation, making them high priorities for conservation. They are designated and managed by the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF).

biodiversity conservation ecosystem endangered species environmental protection CEPF endemic species 
code,slug,name,description,countries,region
01,tropical-andes,Tropical Andes,The most biodiverse hotspot in the world.,"Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Northern Argentina",South America
02,tumbes-choco-magdalena,Tumbes-Chocó-Magdalena,A biodiverse region along the Pacific coast of South America.,"Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Galápagos Islands",South America
03,madrean-pine-oak-woodlands,Madrean Pine-Oak Woodlands,Pine-oak forest ecosystem in southern North America.,"USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas), Mexico",North America
04,cerrado,Cerrado,Brazil's vast savanna ecosystem.,"Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay",South America
05,chilean-winter-rainfall-valdivian-forests,Chilean Winter Rainfall-Valdivian Forests,Temperate rainforests of Chile and Argentina.,"Chile, Argentina",South America
06,atlantic-forest,Atlantic Forest,Rich forest ecosystem along Brazil's eastern coast.,"Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay",South America
07,mesoamerica,Mesoamerica,Rich forest ecosystem of Central America.,"Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama",Central America
08,caribbean-islands,Caribbean Islands,Ecosystem of Caribbean islands.,"Bahamas, Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, other Caribbean islands",Central America & Caribbean
09,california-floristic-province,California Floristic Province,Mediterranean climate region of North America's west coast.,"USA (California, Oregon), Mexico (Baja California)",North America
10,north-american-coastal-plain,North American Coastal Plain,The 36th hotspot designated in 2016.,"USA, Mexico",North America
11,guinean-forests-west-africa,Guinean Forests of West Africa,Forest ecosystem of West Africa's coast.,"Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Togo",Africa
12,cape-floristic-region,Cape Floristic Region,A plant-diverse region at the southern tip of South Africa.,South Africa,Africa
13,succulent-karoo,Succulent Karoo,A region rich in succulent plants in South Africa.,"South Africa, Namibia",Africa
14,maputaland-pondoland-albany,Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany,Ecosystem of South Africa's southeastern coast.,"South Africa, Mozambique, Eswatini",Africa
15,coastal-forests-eastern-africa,Coastal Forests of Eastern Africa,Forest ecosystem of Africa's eastern coast.,"Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Somalia",Africa
16,eastern-afromontane,Eastern Afromontane,Mountain ecosystem of East Africa.,"Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, DRC, Zambia, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Mozambique",Africa
17,horn-of-africa,Horn of Africa,Arid region ecosystem of Northeast Africa.,"Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia",Africa
18,madagascar-indian-ocean-islands,Madagascar and Indian Ocean Islands,Ecosystem of Madagascar and surrounding islands.,"Madagascar, Comoros, Seychelles, Mauritius, Réunion",Africa
19,mediterranean-basin,Mediterranean Basin,The world's richest plant diversity region.,"Spain, Portugal, France, Italy, Greece, Turkey, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, others","Europe, Asia & Africa"
20,caucasus,Caucasus,Mountain region at the Europe-Asia boundary.,"Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Turkey, Iran",Europe & Asia
21,irano-anatolian,Irano-Anatolian,Mountain ecosystem of the Middle East.,"Iran, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Armenia, Iraq, Turkmenistan",Asia
22,mountains-of-central-asia,Mountains of Central Asia,High mountain ecosystem of Central Asia.,"Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, China",Asia
23,western-ghats-sri-lanka,Western Ghats and Sri Lanka,Ecosystem of western India and Sri Lanka.,"India, Sri Lanka",Asia
24,himalaya,Himalaya,Mountain ecosystem including the world's highest peaks.,"India, China, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan, Myanmar, Afghanistan, Bangladesh",Asia
25,mountains-of-southwest-china,Mountains of Southwest China,Mountain ecosystem of southwest China.,"China, Myanmar",Asia
26,indo-burma,Indo-Burma,One of the world's largest hotspots.,"India, Bangladesh, China, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia",Asia
27,sundaland,Sundaland,Ecosystem of Southeast Asian islands and peninsula.,"Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Thailand",Asia
28,wallacea,Wallacea,Ecosystem of eastern Indonesian islands.,"Indonesia, East Timor",Asia
29,philippines,Philippines,Ecosystem of the Philippine archipelago.,Philippines,Asia
30,japan,Japan,Ecosystem of the Japanese archipelago.,Japan,Asia
31,southwest-australia,Southwest Australia,Mediterranean climate region of southwestern Australia.,Australia,Oceania
32,east-melanesian-islands,East Melanesian Islands,Ecosystem of islands northeast of Australia.,"Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea",Oceania
33,new-zealand,New Zealand,Unique ecosystem of the New Zealand islands.,New Zealand,Oceania
34,new-caledonia,New Caledonia,The world's smallest hotspot.,France (New Caledonia),Oceania
35,polynesia-micronesia,Polynesia-Micronesia,Ecosystem of South Pacific islands.,"Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Palau, other Pacific islands",Oceania
36,forests-of-east-australia,Forests of East Australia,Forest ecosystem of Australia's east coast.,Australia,Oceania