INI

Database Types - INI

Database types are categories of database management systems classified according to data structure and usage. In addition to relational databases (RDBMS), there are various NoSQL databases including key-value stores, document stores, column-family stores, and graph databases. Recently, vector databases, time-series databases, and multi-model databases have also emerged. Each database type has different data models and query methods, making appropriate selection based on use case an important element of system design.

database RDBMS NoSQL SQL data management system design backend

[item.relational-database]
code=RDB
slug=relational-database
name=Relational Database
description=A traditional database that manages data in table format and is operated using SQL.
category=SQL Database
examples=["MySQL","PostgreSQL","Oracle Database","SQL Server","MariaDB","SQLite"]

[item.key-value-store]
code=KV
slug=key-value-store
name=Key-Value Store
description=A NoSQL database that stores data as simple key-value pairs.
category=NoSQL Database
examples=["Redis","Amazon DynamoDB","Memcached","etcd","Riak","Aerospike"]

[item.document-database]
code=DOC
slug=document-database
name=Document Database
description=A database that flexibly manages data in document formats such as JSON and BSON.
category=NoSQL Database
examples=["MongoDB","CouchDB","Couchbase","RavenDB","Firebase Firestore"]

[item.column-family-database]
code=COL
slug=column-family-database
name=Column-Family Database
description=A database that manages data by columns and is suitable for large-scale data analytics.
category=NoSQL Database
examples=["Apache Cassandra","HBase","ScyllaDB","Google Bigtable","Amazon Redshift"]

[item.graph-database]
code=GRAPH
slug=graph-database
name=Graph Database
description=A database that represents relationships using nodes and edges, suitable for complex relationship queries.
category=NoSQL Database
examples=["Neo4j","Amazon Neptune","ArangoDB","OrientDB","NebulaGraph","Dgraph"]

[item.time-series-database]
code=TS
slug=time-series-database
name=Time-Series Database
description=A database optimized for high-speed writing and querying of timestamped data.
category=Specialized Database
examples=["InfluxDB","TimescaleDB","Prometheus","Kdb","OpenTSDB","QuestDB"]

[item.vector-database]
code=VECTOR
slug=vector-database
name=Vector Database
description=A database that stores AI/ML embedding vectors and performs fast similarity searches.
category=Specialized Database
examples=["Pinecone","Milvus","Weaviate","Qdrant","Chroma","pgvector","Faiss"]

[item.multi-model-database]
code=MULTI
slug=multi-model-database
name=Multi-Model Database
description=A database that supports multiple data models within a single system.
category=Specialized Database
examples=["ArangoDB","OrientDB","Couchbase","FaunaDB","Azure Cosmos DB"]

[item.newsql-database]
code=NEWSQL
slug=newsql-database
name=NewSQL Database
description=A database that combines ACID compliance of RDB with horizontal scalability of NoSQL.
category=Distributed Database
examples=["CockroachDB","Google Cloud Spanner","TiDB","YugabyteDB","Vitess"]

[item.search-engine-database]
code=SEARCH
slug=search-engine-database
name=Search Engine Database
description=A high-performance search system specialized in full-text and vector search.
category=Specialized Database
examples=["Elasticsearch","Amazon OpenSearch","Apache Solr","Typesense","Meilisearch"]

[item.in-memory-database]
code=INMEM
slug=in-memory-database
name=In-Memory Database
description=A database that keeps data in memory, eliminating disk access for ultra-fast performance.
category=High-Performance Database
examples=["Redis","SAP HANA","Memcached","VoltDB","Aerospike","Tarantool"]