Structured Lists Directory

Overview

Disaster Types and Measurements

Japan is one of the world's most disaster-prone countries, experiencing various natural disasters including earthquakes, typhoons, floods, sediment disasters, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis. This data systematically organizes these disaster types and the measurement indicators defined by agencies such as the Japan Meteorological Agency, Fire and Disaster Management Agency, and Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (seismic intensity, magnitude, typhoon strength and size, water levels, alert levels, etc.). It serves as a useful resource for disaster prevention measures and understanding disaster risks.

natural disasters disaster prevention JMA seismic intensity magnitude typhoon flood sediment disaster volcanic eruption tsunami alert level
code slug name description category measurementUnit scale note scale_en scale_ja scale_windSpeed scale_radius alertLevels scale_descriptionEn scale_descriptionJa scale_height scale_windSpeedMountains scale_windSpeedPlains
E001 earthquake-intensity Earthquake (Seismic Intensity) An indicator representing the strength of seismic motion at a specific location, expressed in 10 levels from 0 to 7. earthquake seismic intensity scale ["0","1","2","3","4","5-lower","5-upper","6-lower","6-upper","7"]
E002 earthquake-magnitude Earthquake (Magnitude) An indicator representing the scale of the earthquake itself (amount of energy). earthquake M (magnitude scale) M8以上の巨大地震ではモーメントマグニチュード（Mw）を使用
T001 typhoon-strength Typhoon (Strength) Classification of typhoon strength based on maximum wind speed, expressed in 4 levels. typhoon m/s (meters per second) ["-","Typhoon","Strong","Very Strong","Violent"] ["-","台風","強い","非常に強い","猛烈な"] ["17-25","25-33","33-44","44-54","54+"]
T002 typhoon-size Typhoon (Size) Classification of typhoon size based on the radius of the gale-force wind area. typhoon km (radius) ["-","Large","Very Large"] ["-","大型","超大型"] ["<500","500-800","800+"]
F001 flood-water-level Flood (Water Level) Indicator for flood risk judgment based on river water levels. flood m (meters above sea level or warning reference) ["Planned High Water","Flood Danger Level","Evacuation Decision Level"]
S001 sediment-disaster-alert Sediment Disaster (Alert Level) A 5-level alert system indicating the danger level of sediment disasters (debris flows, landslides, slope failures). sediment alert level (1-5) ["Level 1","Level 2","Level 3","Level 4","Level 5"] ["レベル1","レベル2","レベル3","レベル4","レベル5"] ["Heighten disaster awareness","Check evacuation actions","Elderly and vulnerable evacuate","Everyone evacuate from danger","Life-threatening, secure safety immediately"] ["災害への心構えを高める","自らの避難行動を確認","高齢者等は避難","危険な場所から全員避難","命の危険 直ちに安全確保"]
V001 volcanic-alert-level Volcanic Eruption (Volcanic Alert Level) A 5-level alert system indicating volcanic activity danger levels, operational since December 2007. volcano alert level (1-5) ["Level 1","Level 2","Level 3","Level 4","Level 5"] ["レベル1","レベル2","レベル3","レベル4","レベル5"] ["Be aware this is an active volcano","Crater area restriction","Mountain entry restriction","Evacuation preparation","Evacuation"] ["活火山であることに留意","火口周辺規制","入山規制","避難準備","避難"]
TS001 tsunami-warning Tsunami (Warning/Advisory) A 3-level classification of warnings and advisories based on predicted tsunami height. tsunami m (meters) ["Tsunami Advisory","Tsunami Warning","Major Tsunami Warning"] ["津波注意報","津波警報","大津波警報"] ["0.2-1","1-3","3+"]
W001 wind-warning Strong Wind (Advisory/Warning) Criteria for strong wind advisories and warnings based on wind speed. wind m/s ["Strong Wind Advisory","Storm Warning"] ["強風注意報","暴風警報"] ["15","20"] ["20","25"]
R001 heavy-rain-warning Heavy Rain (Advisory/Warning) Criteria for heavy rain advisories and warnings based on precipitation. rain mm/hour or mm/24hours 基準は地域によって異なる

A compilation of major natural disaster types in Japan and the indicators used to measure their scale and intensity.