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Gemstone Types - YAML

Gemstone types are a systematic classification of major mineral species or groups based on chemical composition and crystal structure in gemology. They are categorized into approximately 15 major groups including Diamond, Corundum, Beryl, and Garnet, with each group containing varieties such as Ruby, Sapphire, and Emerald. This classification system is widely used as an important standard for gemstone identification, value assessment, and market transactions.

gemstone mineral gemology classification jewelry precious stone 
- code: "beryl"
  slug: "beryl"
  name: "Beryl"
  description: "A gemstone group composed primarily of beryllium aluminum silicate."
  mohs_hardness: "7.5-8"
  chemical_formula: "Be3Al2(SiO3)6"
  major_varieties:
    - "Emerald"
    - "Aquamarine"
    - "Morganite"
    - "Heliodor"
    - "Goshenite"
- code: "chrysoberyl"
  slug: "chrysoberyl"
  name: "Chrysoberyl"
  description: "A rare gemstone group composed primarily of beryllium aluminum oxide."
  mohs_hardness: "8.5"
  chemical_formula: "BeAl2O4"
  major_varieties:
    - "Alexandrite"
    - "Cat's Eye"
    - "Chrysoberyl"
- code: "corundum"
  slug: "corundum"
  name: "Corundum"
  description: "A gemstone group composed of aluminum oxide, including Ruby and Sapphire."
  mohs_hardness: "9"
  chemical_formula: "Al2O3"
  major_varieties:
    - "Ruby"
    - "Sapphire"
    - "Star Ruby"
    - "Star Sapphire"
- code: "diamond"
  slug: "diamond"
  name: "Diamond"
  description: "The hardest gemstone on Earth, composed of pure crystalline carbon."
  mohs_hardness: "10"
  chemical_formula: "C"
  major_varieties:
    - "Colorless Diamond"
    - "Fancy Color Diamond"
    - "Black Diamond"
- code: "feldspar"
  slug: "feldspar"
  name: "Feldspar"
  description: "A mineral group comprising about 60% of the Earth's crust, including Moonstone and Sunstone."
  mohs_hardness: "6-6.5"
  chemical_formula: "KAlSi3O8 - NaAlSi3O8 - CaAl2Si2O8"
  major_varieties:
    - "Moonstone"
    - "Sunstone"
    - "Labradorite"
    - "Amazonite"
- code: "garnet"
  slug: "garnet"
  name: "Garnet"
  description: "A group of silicate minerals with diverse colors and compositions."
  mohs_hardness: "6.5-7.5"
  chemical_formula: "X3Y2(SiO4)3"
  major_varieties:
    - "Pyrope"
    - "Almandine"
    - "Spessartite"
    - "Grossular"
    - "Demantoid"
    - "Tsavorite"
- code: "jade"
  slug: "jade"
  name: "Jade"
  description: "A gemstone particularly prized in the East, including two types: Jadeite and Nephrite."
  mohs_hardness: "6-7"
  chemical_formula: "NaAlSi2O6 (Jadeite) / Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2 (Nephrite)"
  major_varieties:
    - "Jadeite"
    - "Nephrite"
    - "Imperial Jade"
- code: "opal"
  slug: "opal"
  name: "Opal"
  description: "An amorphous silica containing water, exhibiting rainbow-colored play-of-color."
  mohs_hardness: "5.5-6.5"
  chemical_formula: "SiO2·nH2O"
  major_varieties:
    - "Black Opal"
    - "White Opal"
    - "Fire Opal"
    - "Boulder Opal"
- code: "organic-gems"
  slug: "organic-gems"
  name: "Organic Gems"
  description: "A general term for gemstones formed from materials of biological origin."
  mohs_hardness: "2-4"
  chemical_formula: "Various"
  major_varieties:
    - "Pearl"
    - "Coral"
    - "Amber"
    - "Tortoiseshell"
    - "Ammolite"
- code: "quartz"
  slug: "quartz"
  name: "Quartz"
  description: "A gemstone group with the most diverse varieties, composed primarily of silicon dioxide."
  mohs_hardness: "7"
  chemical_formula: "SiO2"
  major_varieties:
    - "Rock Crystal"
    - "Amethyst"
    - "Citrine"
    - "Rose Quartz"
    - "Smoky Quartz"
    - "Chalcedony"
    - "Agate"
    - "Tiger's Eye"
- code: "spinel"
  slug: "spinel"
  name: "Spinel"
  description: "A gemstone with various colors, composed primarily of magnesium aluminum oxide."
  mohs_hardness: "8"
  chemical_formula: "MgAl2O4"
  major_varieties:
    - "Red Spinel"
    - "Blue Spinel"
    - "Pink Spinel"
- code: "spodumene"
  slug: "spodumene"
  name: "Spodumene"
  description: "A lithium-bearing silicate mineral group including Kunzite and Hiddenite."
  mohs_hardness: "6.5-7"
  chemical_formula: "LiAlSi2O6"
  major_varieties:
    - "Kunzite"
    - "Hiddenite"
- code: "topaz"
  slug: "topaz"
  name: "Topaz"
  description: "A fluorine-bearing silicate mineral gemstone with various colors."
  mohs_hardness: "8"
  chemical_formula: "Al2SiO4(F,OH)2"
  major_varieties:
    - "Imperial Topaz"
    - "Blue Topaz"
    - "White Topaz"
    - "Pink Topaz"
- code: "tourmaline"
  slug: "tourmaline"
  name: "Tourmaline"
  description: "A boron-bearing silicate mineral group with the most diverse color range among gemstones."
  mohs_hardness: "7-7.5"
  chemical_formula: "(Ca,K,Na)(Al,Fe,Li,Mg,Mn)3(Al,Cr,Fe,V)6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH,F)4"
  major_varieties:
    - "Rubellite"
    - "Indicolite"
    - "Verdelite"
    - "Paraiba Tourmaline"
    - "Watermelon Tourmaline"
- code: "zircon"
  slug: "zircon"
  name: "Zircon"
  description: "A gemstone composed primarily of zirconium silicate with high refractive index."
  mohs_hardness: "6.5-7.5"
  chemical_formula: "ZrSiO4"
  major_varieties:
    - "Blue Zircon"
    - "White Zircon"
    - "Yellow Zircon"
- code: "zoisite"
  slug: "zoisite"
  name: "Zoisite"
  description: "A gemstone group composed of calcium aluminum silicate, including Tanzanite."
  mohs_hardness: "6-7"
  chemical_formula: "Ca2Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)"
  major_varieties:
    - "Tanzanite"
    - "Thulite"
    - "Anyolite"