HTML

pH Scale - HTML

The pH scale is a logarithmic measure of hydrogen ion concentration in aqueous solutions. Proposed in 1909 by Danish biochemist S.P.L. Sørensen, it is defined by the formula pH = -log₁₀[H⁺]. A pH of 7 is neutral, 0-6 is acidic, and 8-14 is alkaline (basic). It is widely used in chemistry, biology, agriculture, medicine, and environmental science. As a logarithmic scale where each pH unit represents a tenfold difference in hydrogen ion concentration, a change of 1 pH unit means the acidity or alkalinity changes by a factor of 10.

hydrogen ion concentration acidity alkalinity basicity chemistry aqueous solution logarithmic scale
<table>
<thead><tr><th>code</th><th>slug</th><th>name</th><th>description</th><th>classification</th><th>examples</th><th>phValue</th></tr></thead>
<tbody><tr><td>0</td><td>ph-0-strongly-acidic</td><td>pH 0 (Strongly Acidic)</td><td>The most strongly acidic pH value.</td><td>Strongly Acidic</td><td>[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Hydrochloric Acid (1M)&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;0.0&quot;},{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Battery Acid&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;0.0-1.0&quot;}]</td><td>0</td></tr>
<tr><td>1</td><td>ph-1-gastric-acid</td><td>pH 1 (Gastric Acid)</td><td>The pH value of human gastric acid.</td><td>Strongly Acidic</td><td>[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Gastric Acid&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;1.0-2.0&quot;}]</td><td>1</td></tr>
<tr><td>2</td><td>ph-2-lemon-juice</td><td>pH 2 (Lemon Juice)</td><td>The pH value of citrus fruits like lemon juice.</td><td>Acidic</td><td>[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Lemon Juice&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;2.0-2.3&quot;},{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Vinegar&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;2.4-3.0&quot;}]</td><td>2</td></tr>
<tr><td>3</td><td>ph-3-orange-juice</td><td>pH 3 (Orange Juice)</td><td>The pH value of orange juice and soft drinks.</td><td>Acidic</td><td>[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Orange Juice&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;3.0-4.0&quot;},{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Soft Drinks&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;2.5-3.5&quot;}]</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>ph-4-tomato</td><td>pH 4 (Tomato)</td><td>The pH value of tomatoes and beer.</td><td>Weakly Acidic</td><td>[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Tomato&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;4.0-4.6&quot;},{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Beer&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;4.0-5.0&quot;}]</td><td>4</td></tr>
<tr><td>5</td><td>ph-5-coffee</td><td>pH 5 (Coffee)</td><td>The pH value of black coffee and rainwater.</td><td>Weakly Acidic</td><td>[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Black Coffee&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;5.0&quot;},{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Rainwater&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;5.0-5.5&quot;}]</td><td>5</td></tr>
<tr><td>6</td><td>ph-6-milk</td><td>pH 6 (Milk)</td><td>The pH value of milk and saliva.</td><td>Weakly Acidic</td><td>[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Milk&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;6.5-6.8&quot;},{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Saliva&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;6.2-7.4&quot;}]</td><td>6</td></tr>
<tr><td>7</td><td>ph-7-neutral</td><td>pH 7 (Neutral)</td><td>The pH of pure water, the boundary between acidic and alkaline.</td><td>Neutral</td><td>[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Pure Water&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;7.0&quot;}]</td><td>7</td></tr>
<tr><td>8</td><td>ph-8-seawater</td><td>pH 8 (Seawater)</td><td>The pH value of seawater.</td><td>Weakly Alkaline</td><td>[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Seawater&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;8.0-8.5&quot;}]</td><td>8</td></tr>
<tr><td>9</td><td>ph-9-baking-soda</td><td>pH 9 (Baking Soda)</td><td>The pH value of baking soda (sodium bicarbonate).</td><td>Weakly Alkaline</td><td>[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Baking Soda&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;8.3-9.0&quot;}]</td><td>9</td></tr>
<tr><td>10</td><td>ph-10-soap</td><td>pH 10 (Soap)</td><td>The pH value of soap and borax.</td><td>Alkaline</td><td>[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Soap&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;9.0-10.0&quot;},{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Borax&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;9.0-10.0&quot;}]</td><td>10</td></tr>
<tr><td>11</td><td>ph-11-ammonia</td><td>pH 11 (Ammonia)</td><td>The pH value of ammonia solution.</td><td>Alkaline</td><td>[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Ammonia Solution&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;11.0&quot;}]</td><td>11</td></tr>
<tr><td>12</td><td>ph-12-bleach</td><td>pH 12 (Bleach)</td><td>The pH value of household bleach.</td><td>Strongly Alkaline</td><td>[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Bleach&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;12.0-13.0&quot;}]</td><td>12</td></tr>
<tr><td>13</td><td>ph-13-lye</td><td>pH 13 (Sodium Hydroxide)</td><td>The pH value of sodium hydroxide (lye/caustic soda).</td><td>Strongly Alkaline</td><td>[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Sodium Hydroxide (Lye)&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;13.0-14.0&quot;}]</td><td>13</td></tr>
<tr><td>14</td><td>ph-14-strongly-alkaline</td><td>pH 14 (Most Strongly Alkaline)</td><td>The most strongly alkaline pH value.</td><td>Strongly Alkaline</td><td>[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Sodium Hydroxide (1M)&quot;,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;14.0&quot;}]</td><td>14</td></tr></tbody>
</table>