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Sexually Transmitted Infections - HTML
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a general term for infections primarily transmitted through sexual activity. In Japan, surveillance is conducted for five diseases: syphilis, gonococcal infection, genital chlamydia infection, genital herpes virus infection, and condyloma acuminatum. In recent years, particularly syphilis cases have surged dramatically, reaching a record high of 14,906 cases in 2023. Many STIs can be cured with early detection and appropriate treatment, but if left untreated, they can cause infertility and serious complications.
sexually transmitted infections
syphilis
gonorrhea
chlamydia
herpes
HIV
infectious disease
sexual health
prevention
screening
<table>
<thead><tr><th>code</th><th>slug</th><th>name</th><th>description</th><th>curable</th><th>pathogen</th><th>treatment</th></tr></thead>
<tbody><tr><td>01</td><td>hiv-aids</td><td>HIV/AIDS</td><td>An infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus that leads to decreased immune function.</td><td>false</td><td>Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)</td><td>Antiretroviral therapy (difficult to cure completely but controllable)</td></tr>
<tr><td>02</td><td>syphilis</td><td>Syphilis</td><td>An infection caused by Treponema pallidum, characterized by sores and ulcers on genitals or mouth.</td><td>true</td><td>Treponema pallidum</td><td>Curable with antibiotics such as penicillin</td></tr>
<tr><td>03</td><td>gonorrhea</td><td>Gonorrhea</td><td>An infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, characterized by pain during urination and purulent discharge.</td><td>true</td><td>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</td><td>Curable with antibiotics (note drug-resistant strains)</td></tr>
<tr><td>04</td><td>chlamydia</td><td>Genital Chlamydia Infection</td><td>An infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, the most commonly reported STI in Japan.</td><td>true</td><td>Chlamydia trachomatis</td><td>Curable with antibiotics</td></tr>
<tr><td>05</td><td>genital-herpes</td><td>Genital Herpes</td><td>An infection caused by herpes simplex virus, causing blisters and ulcers on genitals with recurrent outbreaks.</td><td>false</td><td>Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV-1, HSV-2)</td><td>Symptomatic treatment with antiviral drugs (difficult to cure completely)</td></tr>
<tr><td>06</td><td>condyloma-acuminatum</td><td>Condyloma Acuminatum</td><td>Wart-like lesions on genitals or around the anus caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.</td><td>true</td><td>Human Papillomavirus (HPV)</td><td>Topical medications, cryotherapy, laser treatment, surgery, etc.</td></tr>
<tr><td>07</td><td>trichomoniasis</td><td>Trichomoniasis</td><td>An infection caused by Trichomonas vaginalis, characterized by yellow-green frothy discharge.</td><td>true</td><td>Trichomonas vaginalis</td><td>Curable with antibiotics (such as metronidazole)</td></tr>
<tr><td>08</td><td>hepatitis-b</td><td>Hepatitis B</td><td>An infection caused by hepatitis B virus, transmitted through blood and sexual contact.</td><td>false</td><td>Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)</td><td>Treatment with antiviral drugs (preventable by vaccine)</td></tr>
<tr><td>09</td><td>hepatitis-c</td><td>Hepatitis C</td><td>An infection caused by hepatitis C virus, primarily transmitted through blood.</td><td>true</td><td>Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)</td><td>Approximately 95% curable with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs)</td></tr>
<tr><td>10</td><td>mycoplasma-genitalium</td><td>Mycoplasma Genitalium Infection</td><td>An infection caused by Mycoplasma genitalium, causing urethritis and cervicitis.</td><td>true</td><td>Mycoplasma genitalium</td><td>Curable with antibiotics (note drug-resistant strains)</td></tr></tbody>
</table>