TOML
Motif-Index of Folk-Literature - TOML
The Motif-Index of Folk-Literature is a six-volume catalogue of folk-literature motifs compiled by American folklorist Stith Thompson. The first edition was published between 1932 and 1936, with a revised and expanded edition released from 1955 to 1958. It classifies motifs found in folktales, legends, myths, ballads, fables, medieval romances, exempla, fabliaux, jest-books, and local legends from around the world into 23 categories from A to Z (excluding I, O, and Y), containing thousands of motifs. It is widely used as an international standard tool in comparative folklore studies.
folklore
folktales
motif
folk-literature
comparative studies
classification system
Thompson
[[items]]
code = "A"
slug = "mythological-motifs"
name = "Mythological Motifs"
description = "Motifs related to creators, gods, demigods, cosmogony, and establishment of natural order."
[[items]]
code = "B"
slug = "animals"
name = "Animals"
description = "Motifs concerning mythical animals, magic animals, and relationships between humans and animals."
[[items]]
code = "C"
slug = "tabu"
name = "Tabu"
description = "Motifs of taboos related to supernatural beings, sex, eating, looking, speaking, and punishments for breaking them."
[[items]]
code = "D"
slug = "magic"
name = "Magic"
description = "Motifs of transformation, magic objects, and magical powers and their manifestations."
[[items]]
code = "E"
slug = "the-dead"
name = "The Dead"
description = "Motifs concerning resuscitation, ghosts and revenants, reincarnation, and the soul."
[[items]]
code = "F"
slug = "marvels"
name = "Marvels"
description = "Motifs of otherworldly journeys, marvelous creatures, and extraordinary places and things."
[[items]]
code = "G"
slug = "ogres"
name = "Ogres"
description = "Motifs concerning ogres, giants, witches, devils, and other monsters."
[[items]]
code = "H"
slug = "tests"
name = "Tests"
description = "Motifs of identity tests, marriage tests, wisdom tests, tasks, and quests."
[[items]]
code = "J"
slug = "the-wise-and-the-foolish"
name = "The Wise and the Foolish"
description = "Motifs of acquiring wisdom, wise acts, foolish acts, cleverness, and folly."
[[items]]
code = "K"
slug = "deceptions"
name = "Deceptions"
description = "Motifs of deception for victory, fraudulent bargains, theft, and trickery."
[[items]]
code = "L"
slug = "reversal-of-fortune"
name = "Reversal of Fortune"
description = "Motifs of humble heroes triumphing, fall of the proud, and unexpected changes in fortune."
[[items]]
code = "M"
slug = "ordaining-the-future"
name = "Ordaining the Future"
description = "Motifs of prophecies, vows, bargains, curses, and other acts that determine the future."
[[items]]
code = "N"
slug = "chance-and-fate"
name = "Chance and Fate"
description = "Motifs of good luck, bad luck, chance discoveries, and the power of fate."
[[items]]
code = "P"
slug = "society"
name = "Society"
description = "Motifs concerning royalty, nobility, occupations, family relations, and social institutions."
[[items]]
code = "Q"
slug = "rewards-and-punishments"
name = "Rewards and Punishments"
description = "Motifs of rewards for good deeds, punishments for evil deeds, and karmic justice."
[[items]]
code = "R"
slug = "captives-and-fugitives"
name = "Captives and Fugitives"
description = "Motifs of captivity, escape, pursuit, and rescue."
[[items]]
code = "S"
slug = "unnatural-cruelty"
name = "Unnatural Cruelty"
description = "Motifs of cruel relatives, abandonment of children, persecution, and inhumane acts."
[[items]]
code = "T"
slug = "sex"
name = "Sex"
description = "Motifs of courtship, marriage, sexual relations, birth, and domestic life."
[[items]]
code = "U"
slug = "the-nature-of-life"
name = "The Nature of Life"
description = "Motifs concerning truths about life, nature of the world, and philosophical insights."
[[items]]
code = "V"
slug = "religion"
name = "Religion"
description = "Motifs of religious acts, saints, miracles, and faith."
[[items]]
code = "W"
slug = "traits-of-character"
name = "Traits of Character"
description = "Motifs of virtues, vices, and character traits."
[[items]]
code = "X"
slug = "humor"
name = "Humor"
description = "Motifs of jokes, jests, comic situations, and satire."
[[items]]
code = "Z"
slug = "miscellaneous-groups-of-motifs"
name = "Miscellaneous Groups of Motifs"
description = "Motifs not classified elsewhere including formulistic elements, cumulative tales, and symbolic numbers."