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Overview

Types of Vitamins and Minerals

Vitamins and minerals are essential micronutrients required for maintaining normal human body functions. Vitamins are classified into fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) and water-soluble (B-group, C), while minerals are classified into macrominerals (7 types) and trace minerals (9 types). These are involved in various physiological functions including energy metabolism, bone formation, immune function, and nerve transmission, making balanced dietary intake crucial.

vitamins minerals nutrients health diet fat-soluble vitamins water-soluble vitamins macrominerals trace minerals
code slug name description category deficiencySymptoms foodSources
V-A vitamin-a Vitamin A A fat-soluble vitamin important for vision maintenance and skin/mucous membrane health. fat-soluble ["Night blindness","Dry skin","Decreased immunity"] ["Liver","Eel","Egg yolk","Green and yellow vegetables","Carrots"]
V-D vitamin-d Vitamin D A fat-soluble vitamin involved in promoting calcium and phosphorus absorption and bone formation. fat-soluble ["Osteoporosis","Rickets","Bone fragility"] ["Salmon","Mushrooms","Sardines","Pacific saury","Eggs","Tuna"]
V-E vitamin-e Vitamin E A fat-soluble vitamin with antioxidant properties that protects cell membranes. fat-soluble ["Cold sensitivity","Increased arteriosclerosis risk","Infertility"] ["Nuts","Vegetable oils","Pumpkin","Eel","Millet dumplings","Avocado"]
V-K vitamin-k Vitamin K A fat-soluble vitamin involved in activating blood clotting factors and regulating bone formation. fat-soluble ["Bleeding tendency","Osteoporosis","Increased fracture risk"] ["Natto","Seaweed","Green leafy vegetables","Spinach","Broccoli"]
V-B1 vitamin-b1 Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) A water-soluble vitamin important for carbohydrate metabolism and nerve function maintenance. water-soluble ["Beriberi","Fatigue","Loss of appetite","Nerve damage"] ["Pork","Eel","Brown rice","Legumes","Peanuts"]
V-B2 vitamin-b2 Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) A water-soluble vitamin involved in energy metabolism and maintaining skin and mucous membrane health. water-soluble ["Mouth ulcers","Dermatitis","Angular cheilitis","Eye redness"] ["Liver","Cheese","Mackerel","Eggs","Natto","Spinach"]
V-B6 vitamin-b6 Vitamin B6 A water-soluble vitamin involved in amino acid metabolism and nerve function. water-soluble ["Anemia","Dermatitis","Nerve damage","Depression symptoms"] ["Garlic","Tuna","Chicken","Bananas","Liver","Bonito"]
V-B12 vitamin-b12 Vitamin B12 An essential water-soluble vitamin for red blood cell formation and nerve function maintenance. water-soluble ["Pernicious anemia","Numbness in hands and feet","Memory decline","Fatigue"] ["Shellfish","Liver","Fish","Egg yolk","Meat"]
V-NI niacin Niacin (Vitamin B3) A water-soluble vitamin involved in energy production and skin and mucous membrane health. water-soluble ["Dermatitis","Diarrhea","Dementia","Digestive disorders"] ["Meat","Fish","Peanuts","Liver","Brown rice"]
V-PA pantothenic-acid Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) A water-soluble vitamin that serves as material for coenzymes and is involved in overall metabolism. water-soluble ["Fatigue","Decreased immune function","Dermatitis","Hair loss"] ["Liver","Chicken breast","Natto","Avocado","Eggs","Yeast"]
V-FO folic-acid Folic Acid (Vitamin B9) A water-soluble vitamin important for DNA and RNA synthesis and fetal development support. water-soluble ["Megaloblastic anemia","Fetal developmental abnormalities","Glossitis","Diarrhea"] ["Liver","Green leafy vegetables","Broccoli","Natto","Oranges"]
V-BI biotin Biotin (Vitamin B7) A water-soluble vitamin involved in skin and hair health and metabolic assistance. water-soluble ["Hair loss","Dermatitis","Conjunctivitis","Neurological symptoms"] ["Liver","Eggs","Nuts","Mushrooms","Soybeans"]
V-C vitamin-c Vitamin C An important water-soluble vitamin for antioxidant effects, collagen synthesis, and iron absorption promotion. water-soluble ["Scurvy","Decreased immunity","Skin problems","Bleeding gums"] ["Paprika","Broccoli","Citrus fruits","Kiwi","Strawberries","Lemons"]
M-CA calcium Calcium An essential macromineral for bone and tooth formation, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction. macromineral ["Osteoporosis","Fractures","Muscle cramps","Tooth fragility"] ["Dairy products","Small fish","Soy products","Green leafy vegetables","Almonds"]
M-P phosphorus Phosphorus A macromineral involved in bone and tooth structure and energy metabolism. macromineral ["Bone fragility","Muscle weakness","Loss of appetite","Growth disorders"] ["Meat","Fish","Dairy products","Legumes","Nuts"]
M-K potassium Potassium A macromineral involved in blood pressure regulation, diuretic effects, and fluid balance. macromineral ["High blood pressure","Swelling","Muscle weakness","Arrhythmia"] ["Bananas","Potatoes","Avocado","Spinach","Fish"]
M-NA sodium Sodium A macromineral involved in fluid balance and nerve and muscle function. macromineral ["Low blood pressure","Dehydration symptoms","Muscle cramps","Fatigue"] ["Salt","Soy sauce","Miso","Pickled foods","Processed foods"]
M-MG magnesium Magnesium A macromineral involved as an enzyme cofactor and in maintaining bone and muscle function. macromineral ["Muscle cramps","Insomnia","Fatigue","Arrhythmia"] ["Seaweed","Nuts","Whole grains","Legumes","Bananas"]
M-CL chlorine Chlorine (Chloride) A macromineral involved as a component of stomach acid and regulating fluid balance. macromineral ["Indigestion","Growth disorders","Dehydration symptoms"] ["Salt","Seaweed","Tomatoes","Lettuce","Olives"]
M-S sulfur Sulfur A macromineral involved in skin and hair health, obtained through essential amino acids. macromineral ["Skin problems","Hair quality decline","Nail fragility"] ["Meat","Fish","Eggs","Dairy products","Legumes","Onions","Garlic"]
M-FE iron Iron An important trace mineral that becomes material for hemoglobin and helps prevent anemia. trace-mineral ["Anemia","Fatigue","Decreased immunity","Decreased concentration"] ["Liver","Red meat","Spinach","Soybeans","Clams","Hamaguri clams"]
M-ZN zinc Zinc An important trace mineral for maintaining taste, immune, and reproductive functions. trace-mineral ["Taste disorder","Dermatitis","Loss of appetite","Decreased immune function","Growth delay"] ["Oysters","Meat","Nuts","Legumes","Cheese","Brown rice"]
M-CU copper Copper A trace mineral involved in blood formation and antioxidant effects. trace-mineral ["Anemia","Bone abnormalities","Decreased immune function","Nerve damage"] ["Liver","Shellfish","Nuts","Legumes","Chocolate"]
M-MN manganese Manganese A trace mineral involved in bone formation and enzyme activation. trace-mineral ["Bone fragility","Growth disorders","Skin problems"] ["Whole grains","Nuts","Legumes","Tea","Leafy vegetables"]
M-I iodine Iodine A trace mineral that becomes material for thyroid hormones. trace-mineral ["Goiter","Decreased metabolism","Growth disorders","Cretinism"] ["Seaweed","Fish","Shellfish","Iodized salt"]
M-SE selenium Selenium A trace mineral with strong antioxidant effects. trace-mineral ["Decreased immune function","Hypothyroidism","Cardiomyopathy"] ["Fish","Meat","Nuts (Brazil nuts)","Eggs","Whole grains"]
M-MO molybdenum Molybdenum A trace mineral involved in metabolism as an enzyme cofactor. trace-mineral ["Protein metabolism disorders","Nervous system problems","Abnormal heart rate"] ["Legumes","Grains","Nuts","Liver","Dairy products"]
M-CO cobalt Cobalt A trace mineral that becomes a component of vitamin B12. trace-mineral ["Vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms","Anemia","Nerve damage"] ["Meat","Fish","Shellfish","Eggs","Dairy products"]
M-CR chromium Chromium A trace mineral that helps glucose metabolism and contributes to diabetes prevention. trace-mineral ["Abnormal blood sugar levels","Lipid metabolism disorders","Weight loss"] ["Meat","Whole grains","Broccoli","Nuts","Mushrooms"]

Classification and explanation of 13 types of vitamins and 16 essential minerals required by the human body.