XML
バイオーム（生態系の種類） - XML
バイオームとは、気候、植生、動物相が類似した大規模な生態系のことです。気候条件（特に気温と降水量）によって形成され、森林、草原、砂漠、ツンドラ、湿地、海洋などの主要タイプに分類されます。それぞれのバイオームは独自の生物多様性と生態系サービスを提供し、地球の生命維持に不可欠な役割を果たしています。
生態系
バイオーム
気候
植生
生物多様性
環境科学
生物学
地理
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<items>
<item>
<code>01</code>
<slug>forest</slug>
<name>森林</name>
<description>木本植物が優占する陸上バイオームです。</description>
<characteristics_biodiversity>非常に高い</characteristics_biodiversity>
<characteristics_climate>温暖〜寒冷、湿潤</characteristics_climate>
<characteristics_precipitation>750mm以上/年</characteristics_precipitation>
<characteristics_vegetation>高木、低木、草本</characteristics_vegetation>
<subtypes>[{"code":"01-01","slug":"tropical-rainforest","name":"熱帯雨林"},{"code":"01-02","slug":"temperate-forest","name":"温帯林"},{"code":"01-03","slug":"boreal-forest","name":"針葉樹林（タイガ）"}]</subtypes>
</item>
<item>
<code>02</code>
<slug>desert</slug>
<name>砂漠</name>
<description>極めて乾燥した陸上バイオームです。</description>
<characteristics_biodiversity>低い</characteristics_biodiversity>
<characteristics_climate>乾燥、日較差・年較差大</characteristics_climate>
<characteristics_precipitation>250mm未満/年</characteristics_precipitation>
<characteristics_vegetation>多肉植物、低木、草本</characteristics_vegetation>
<subtypes>[{"code":"02-01","slug":"hot-desert","name":"高温砂漠"},{"code":"02-02","slug":"cold-desert","name":"寒冷砂漠"},{"code":"02-03","slug":"coastal-desert","name":"沿岸砂漠"},{"code":"02-04","slug":"semiarid","name":"半乾燥地"}]</subtypes>
</item>
<item>
<code>03</code>
<slug>grassland</slug>
<name>草原</name>
<description>草本植物が優占する陸上バイオームです。</description>
<characteristics_biodiversity>中程度</characteristics_biodiversity>
<characteristics_climate>乾燥〜半湿潤</characteristics_climate>
<characteristics_precipitation>250-1000mm/年</characteristics_precipitation>
<characteristics_vegetation>草本（イネ科主体）</characteristics_vegetation>
<subtypes>[{"code":"03-01","slug":"savanna","name":"サバンナ（熱帯草原）"},{"code":"03-02","slug":"steppe","name":"ステップ（温帯草原）"},{"code":"03-03","slug":"prairie","name":"プレーリー"},{"code":"03-04","slug":"pampas","name":"パンパス"}]</subtypes>
</item>
<item>
<code>04</code>
<slug>tundra</slug>
<name>ツンドラ</name>
<description>極地・高山に分布する寒冷バイオームです。</description>
<characteristics_biodiversity>低い</characteristics_biodiversity>
<characteristics_climate>極寒、短い夏季</characteristics_climate>
<characteristics_precipitation>150-250mm/年（主に雪）</characteristics_precipitation>
<characteristics_vegetation>コケ、地衣類、草本</characteristics_vegetation>
<subtypes>[{"code":"04-01","slug":"arctic-tundra","name":"極北ツンドラ"},{"code":"04-02","slug":"alpine-tundra","name":"高山ツンドラ"}]</subtypes>
</item>
<item>
<code>05</code>
<slug>wetland</slug>
<name>湿地</name>
<description>水に覆われた陸域・水域遷移帯のバイオームです。</description>
<characteristics_biodiversity>高い</characteristics_biodiversity>
<characteristics_climate>多様</characteristics_climate>
<characteristics_precipitation>豊富または水没</characteristics_precipitation>
<characteristics_vegetation>水生・湿生植物</characteristics_vegetation>
<subtypes>[{"code":"05-01","slug":"marsh","name":"沼"},{"code":"05-02","slug":"swamp","name":"沢"},{"code":"05-03","slug":"bog","name":"高位泥炭地"},{"code":"05-04","slug":"fen","name":"低位泥炭地"}]</subtypes>
</item>
<item>
<code>06</code>
<slug>ocean</slug>
<name>海洋</name>
<description>地球表面の約71%を占める水域バイオームです。</description>
<characteristics_biodiversity>非常に高い</characteristics_biodiversity>
<characteristics_climate>多様（極地〜熱帯）</characteristics_climate>
<characteristics_precipitation>N/A（塩水環境）</characteristics_precipitation>
<characteristics_vegetation>藻類、海草</characteristics_vegetation>
<subtypes>[{"code":"06-01","slug":"coral-reef","name":"サンゴ礁"},{"code":"06-02","slug":"open-ocean","name":"外洋"},{"code":"06-03","slug":"deep-sea","name":"深海"},{"code":"06-04","slug":"estuary","name":"河口域"}]</subtypes>
</item>
</items>