TOML
貧困の種類 - TOML
貧困の種類は、絶対的貧困、相対的貧困、多次元的貧困など、様々な観点から分類されます。絶対的貧困は生存に必要な最低限の生活水準が満たされていない状態を指し、相対的貧困は社会内での相対的な経済的位置づけに基づきます。多次元的貧困は所得だけでなく、健康、教育、生活環境など複合的な要素を含みます。また、状況的貧困、世代間貧困、慢性的貧困など、持続性や発生要因による分類も存在します。これらの類型は、貧困の理解と対策立案において重要な基盤となります。
貧困
絶対的貧困
相対的貧困
多次元的貧困
社会問題
SDGs
世界銀行
UNDP
[[items]]
code = "01"
slug = "absolute-poverty"
name = "絶対的貧困"
description = "生存に必要な最低限の生活水準が満たされていない状態です。"
measurement = "国際貧困ライン：1日3.00ドル（2021年購買力平価）"
primaryRegions = "[\"サブサハラ・アフリカ\",\"南アジア\",\"脆弱な国々\"]"
dimensions = ""
causes = ""
barriers = ""
duration = ""
statistics2025 = ""
characteristics = ""
factors = ""
[[items]]
code = "02"
slug = "relative-poverty"
name = "相対的貧困"
description = "社会の平均的な生活水準と比較して経済的に不利な状態です。"
measurement = "等価可処分所得の中央値の50%未満"
primaryRegions = "[\"先進国\",\"日本\",\"アメリカ\",\"欧州各国\"]"
dimensions = ""
causes = ""
barriers = ""
duration = ""
statistics2025 = ""
characteristics = ""
factors = ""
[[items]]
code = "03"
slug = "multidimensional-poverty"
name = "多次元的貧困"
description = "所得以外の健康、教育、生活環境など複合的な要素での剥夺状態です。"
measurement = "10指標のうち3分の1以上で剥夺がある場合"
primaryRegions = ""
dimensions = "[\"健康\",\"教育\",\"生活水準\"]"
causes = ""
barriers = ""
duration = ""
statistics2025 = ""
characteristics = ""
factors = ""
[[items]]
code = "04"
slug = "situational-poverty"
name = "状況的貧困"
description = "特定の危機的状況によって一時的に生じる貧困状態です。"
measurement = ""
primaryRegions = ""
dimensions = ""
causes = "[\"失業\",\"離婚\",\"医療費\",\"自然災害\",\"景気後退\"]"
barriers = ""
duration = ""
statistics2025 = ""
characteristics = ""
factors = ""
[[items]]
code = "05"
slug = "generational-poverty"
name = "世代間貧困"
description = "2世代以上にわたって続く貧困の連鎖状態です。"
measurement = ""
primaryRegions = ""
dimensions = ""
causes = ""
barriers = "[\"教育格差\",\"雇用機会の欠如\",\"医療アクセス不足\",\"差別\",\"地域の貧困\"]"
duration = ""
statistics2025 = ""
characteristics = ""
factors = ""
[[items]]
code = "06"
slug = "chronic-poverty"
name = "慢性的貧困"
description = "長期間または生涯にわたって続く極度の貧困状態です。"
measurement = ""
primaryRegions = ""
dimensions = ""
causes = ""
barriers = ""
duration = "長期的（数年〜生涯）"
statistics2025 = ""
characteristics = ""
factors = ""
[[items]]
code = "07"
slug = "extreme-poverty"
name = "極度の貧困"
description = "絶対的貧困の中でも最も深刻な生存を脅かす状態です。"
measurement = ""
primaryRegions = ""
dimensions = ""
causes = ""
barriers = ""
duration = ""
statistics2025 = "8億800万人（世界人口の9.9%）"
characteristics = ""
factors = ""
[[items]]
code = "08"
slug = "urban-poverty"
name = "都市貧困"
description = "都市部で見られる貧困状態です。"
measurement = ""
primaryRegions = ""
dimensions = ""
causes = ""
barriers = ""
duration = ""
statistics2025 = ""
characteristics = "[\"過密\",\"スラム街\",\"都市サービス不足\",\"環境汚染\"]"
factors = ""
[[items]]
code = "09"
slug = "rural-poverty"
name = "農村貧困"
description = "非都市部で見られる貧困状態です。"
measurement = ""
primaryRegions = ""
dimensions = ""
causes = ""
barriers = ""
duration = ""
statistics2025 = "多次元的貧困人口の83.5%が農村居住"
characteristics = ""
factors = ""
[[items]]
code = "10"
slug = "working-poverty"
name = "ワーキングプア"
description = "働いても貧困状態にある状態です。"
measurement = ""
primaryRegions = ""
dimensions = ""
causes = ""
barriers = ""
duration = ""
statistics2025 = ""
characteristics = ""
factors = "[\"非正規雇用\",\"低賃金\",\"パートタイム労働\",\"生活費の高騰\"]"