睡眠障害 - JSON

[
  {
    "code": "ICSD-1",
    "slug": "insomnia",
    "name": "不眠症",
    "description": "眠りたいのに眠れない、または睡眠の質が低下する障害です。",
    "category": "不眠症",
    "symptoms": [
      "入眠困難",
      "中途覚醒",
      "早朝覚醒",
      "熟睡感がない",
      "日中の疲労感",
      "集中力低下"
    ],
    "diagnosis": [
      "睡眠日誌",
      "ICSD-3診断基準",
      "DSM-5診断基準",
      "週3回以上・3か月以上の症状持続",
      "日中機能障害の確認"
    ],
    "treatments": [
      "認知行動療法（CBT-I）",
      "オレキシン受容体拮抗薬",
      "睡眠衛生教育",
      "刺激制御法",
      "睡眠制限療法"
    ]
  },
  {
    "code": "ICSD-2",
    "slug": "sleep-apnea-syndrome",
    "name": "睡眠時無呼吸症候群",
    "description": "睡眠中に呼吸が一時的に停止または低下し、低酸素血症を起こす障害です。",
    "category": "睡眠関連呼吸障害",
    "types": [
      "閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸症候群（OSA）",
      "中枢性睡眠時無呼吸（CSA）",
      "混合型"
    ],
    "symptoms": [
      "いびき",
      "呼吸が止まる",
      "夜間頻尿",
      "日中の強い眠気",
      "起床時の頭痛",
      "集中力低下"
    ],
    "severity": [
      "軽症：AHI 5-14",
      "中等症：AHI 15-29",
      "重症：AHI 30以上"
    ],
    "diagnosis": [
      "ポリソムノグラフィー（PSG）",
      "ホームスリープテスト",
      "AHI測定",
      "Epworth Sleepiness Scale"
    ],
    "treatments": [
      "CPAP療法",
      "経口装具（マウスピース）",
      "体位療法",
      "減量・運動療法",
      "外科的治療"
    ],
    "complications": [
      "高血圧",
      "不整脈",
      "心不全",
      "糖尿病",
      "認知機能低下"
    ]
  },
  {
    "code": "ICSD-3",
    "slug": "narcolepsy",
    "name": "ナルコレプシー",
    "description": "十分な睡眠後も日中に耐え難い眠気が生じる中枢性過眠症です。",
    "category": "中枢性過眠症",
    "types": [
      "1型：情動脱力発作を伴うナルコレプシー",
      "2型：非情動脱力発作性ナルコレプシー"
    ],
    "symptoms": [
      "過度の日中眠気",
      "情動脱力発作（笑うと力が抜ける）",
      "入眠時幻覚",
      "睡眠麻痺（金縛り）",
      "予告なしの睡眠発作"
    ],
    "diagnosis": [
      "PSG（夜間ポリグラフ）",
      "MSLT（昼間多次睡眠潜時試験）",
      "脳脊髄液オレキシン濃度",
      "HLA-DQB1*06:02検査"
    ],
    "treatments": [
      "覚醒剤（モダフィニル、ソリアンフェタミン）",
      "オレキシン受容体作動薬",
      "抗うつ薬（情動脱力発作用）",
      "計画的な昼寝",
      "規則正しい睡眠習慣"
    ],
    "prevalence": "約1/2,000～1/3,000（日本では約4万人の推定患者）"
  },
  {
    "code": "ICSD-4",
    "slug": "circadian-rhythm-disorder",
    "name": "概日リズム睡眠・覚醒障害",
    "description": "体内時計と外界の環境がずれて、眠りたい時間に眠れない障害です。",
    "category": "概日リズム睡眠・覚醒障害",
    "types": [
      "睡眠相後退症候群",
      "睡眠相前進症候群",
      "不規則睡眠-覚醒リズム障害",
      "非24時間睡眠-覚醒リズム障害",
      "時差ボケ",
      "交代勤務障害"
    ]
  },
  {
    "code": "ICSD-5",
    "slug": "parasomnia",
    "name": "睡眠時随伴症（パラソムニア）",
    "description": "睡眠中や睡眠と覚醒の移行期に異常な行動や体験が起こる障害です。",
    "category": "睡眠時随伴症",
    "types": [
      "NREM関連：夢遊病、夜驚症、錯乱性覚醒",
      "REM関連：REM睡眠行動障害、悪夢症、睡眠麻痺"
    ]
  },
  {
    "code": "ICSD-6",
    "slug": "sleep-related-movement-disorder",
    "name": "睡眠関連運動障害",
    "description": "睡眠中や入眠時に単純な運動が反復して起こる障害です。",
    "category": "睡眠関連運動障害",
    "types": [
      "レストレスレッグス症候群（むずむず脚症候群）",
      "周期性四肢運動障害",
      "睡眠関連歯ぎしり",
      "睡眠関連けいれん"
    ]
  }
]