Structured Lists Directory

YAML

International Environmental Treaties - YAML

International environmental treaties are legal frameworks established to address global environmental issues. Covering diverse fields such as climate change, biodiversity, marine pollution, ozone layer protection, and hazardous waste, countries cooperate under the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to conserve the environment. Many treaties were adopted following the 1992 Rio Earth Summit, and new treaties continue to be developed to address emerging environmental challenges.

environmental treaties international agreements climate change biodiversity global environment United Nations environmental protection 
- code: "UNFCCC"
  slug: "unfccc"
  name: "United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change"
  description: "An international framework convention aimed at stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations."
  adoptedYear: 1992
  enteredIntoForceYear: 1994
  category: "Climate Change"
- code: "KYOTO"
  slug: "kyoto-protocol"
  name: "Kyoto Protocol"
  description: "An international treaty that imposed binding emission reduction obligations on developed countries."
  adoptedYear: 1997
  enteredIntoForceYear: 2005
  category: "Climate Change"
- code: "PARIS"
  slug: "paris-agreement"
  name: "Paris Agreement"
  description: "An international agreement aiming to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius."
  adoptedYear: 2015
  enteredIntoForceYear: 2016
  category: "Climate Change"
- code: "CBD"
  slug: "convention-on-biological-diversity"
  name: "Convention on Biological Diversity"
  description: "An international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity."
  adoptedYear: 1992
  enteredIntoForceYear: 1993
  category: "Biodiversity"
- code: "CITES"
  slug: "cites"
  name: "Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species"
  description: "An international treaty regulating international trade in endangered species."
  adoptedYear: 1973
  enteredIntoForceYear: 1975
  category: "Wildlife Conservation"
- code: "RAMSAR"
  slug: "ramsar-convention"
  name: "Ramsar Convention"
  description: "A convention for the protection of wetlands of international importance and waterbird habitats."
  adoptedYear: 1971
  enteredIntoForceYear: 1975
  category: "Wetland Conservation"
- code: "MONTREAL"
  slug: "montreal-protocol"
  name: "Montreal Protocol"
  description: "An international agreement for the phase-out of ozone-depleting substances."
  adoptedYear: 1987
  enteredIntoForceYear: 1989
  category: "Ozone Layer Protection"
- code: "BASEL"
  slug: "basel-convention"
  name: "Basel Convention"
  description: "An international treaty controlling transboundary movements of hazardous wastes."
  adoptedYear: 1989
  enteredIntoForceYear: 1992
  category: "Waste Management"
- code: "STOCKHOLM"
  slug: "stockholm-convention"
  name: "Stockholm Convention on POPs"
  description: "An international treaty regulating persistent organic pollutants (POPs)."
  adoptedYear: 2001
  enteredIntoForceYear: 2004
  category: "Chemicals Management"
- code: "MINAMATA"
  slug: "minamata-convention"
  name: "Minamata Convention on Mercury"
  description: "An international treaty regulating mercury emissions and use."
  adoptedYear: 2013
  enteredIntoForceYear: 2017
  category: "Chemicals Management"
- code: "UNCCD"
  slug: "unccd"
  name: "UN Convention to Combat Desertification"
  description: "An international convention to combat severe drought and desertification."
  adoptedYear: 1994
  enteredIntoForceYear: 1996
  category: "Land and Soil Conservation"
- code: "MARPOL"
  slug: "marpol-convention"
  name: "MARPOL Convention"
  description: "An international convention for the prevention of marine pollution from ships."
  adoptedYear: 1973
  enteredIntoForceYear: 1983
  category: "Marine Environment Protection"
- code: "CMS"
  slug: "cms-bonn-convention"
  name: "Convention on Migratory Species"
  description: "An international convention for the conservation of migratory species of wild animals."
  adoptedYear: 1979
  enteredIntoForceYear: 1983
  category: "Wildlife Conservation"
- code: "WORLD-HERITAGE"
  slug: "world-heritage-convention"
  name: "World Heritage Convention"
  description: "An international convention for the protection of cultural and natural heritage."
  adoptedYear: 1972
  enteredIntoForceYear: 1975
  category: "Natural and Cultural Heritage Protection"
- code: "CARTAGENA"
  slug: "cartagena-protocol"
  name: "Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety"
  description: "A protocol establishing safe transboundary movement of living modified organisms."
  adoptedYear: 2000
  enteredIntoForceYear: 2003
  category: "Biodiversity"
- code: "NAGOYA"
  slug: "nagoya-protocol"
  name: "Nagoya Protocol on ABS"
  description: "An international framework on access to genetic resources and benefit-sharing."
  adoptedYear: 2010
  enteredIntoForceYear: 2014
  category: "Biodiversity"