Markdown

Sports Fouls and Violations - Markdown

Sports fouls and violations are judgments against actions that violate rules in competition. Each sport, such as soccer, basketball, and volleyball, has its own specific fouls and violations, which play an important role in ensuring player safety and fair game management. Types of violations include fouls involving physical contact, technical violations, position violations, and each carries different penalties.

sports foul violation rules referee soccer basketball volleyball

| code | slug | name | description | penalty | sport |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| SOC-01 | soccer-handling | Handling (Handball) | Deliberately touching the ball with hand or arm. | Direct free kick or penalty kick | Soccer |
| SOC-02 | soccer-offside | Offside | Positioning behind opposing defenders to score opportunities. | Indirect free kick | Soccer |
| SOC-03 | soccer-sliding-tackle | Sliding Tackle | A tackle where a player slides on the ground to take the ball. | Free kick, yellow or red card | Soccer |
| SOC-04 | soccer-kicking | Kicking | Kicking or attempting to kick an opponent. | Direct free kick | Soccer |
| SOC-05 | soccer-tripping | Tripping | Using foot or body to trip or cause an opponent to fall. | Direct free kick | Soccer |
| SOC-06 | soccer-holding | Holding | Grabbing or restraining an opponent's body or uniform. | Direct free kick | Soccer |
| SOC-07 | soccer-yellow-card | Yellow Card (Caution) | A warning for unsporting behavior or ungentlemanly conduct. | Caution (sending off after two cards) | Soccer |
| SOC-08 | soccer-red-card | Red Card (Sending Off) | Sending off for serious foul play or violent conduct. | Sending off (team plays with one fewer player) | Soccer |
| BAS-01 | basketball-personal-foul | Personal Foul | A foul involving illegal contact between players. | Free throw or throw-in (disqualified after 5 fouls) | Basketball |
| BAS-02 | basketball-technical-foul | Technical Foul | A foul for unsportsmanlike conduct or behavior. | One free throw and opponent's throw-in | Basketball |
| BAS-03 | basketball-traveling | Traveling | Taking more than two steps while holding the ball. | Opponent's throw-in | Basketball |
| BAS-04 | basketball-double-dribble | Double Dribble | Dribbling, stopping, then dribbling again. | Opponent's throw-in | Basketball |
| BAS-05 | basketball-shot-clock | 24-Second Violation | Shot clock violation. | Opponent's throw-in | Basketball |
| BAS-06 | basketball-backcourt | Backcourt Violation | Returning the ball from frontcourt to backcourt. | Opponent's throw-in | Basketball |
| BAS-07 | basketball-goaltending | Goaltending | Interference after the ball has passed above the rim. | Basket is counted | Basketball |
| VOL-01 | volleyball-double-contact | Double Contact (Dribble) | A player touching the ball twice consecutively. | Point and serve to opposing team | Volleyball |
| VOL-02 | volleyball-four-hits | Four Hits (Over-times) | A team touching the ball four or more times. | Point and serve to opposing team | Volleyball |
| VOL-03 | volleyball-touch-net | Net Touch | A player's body touching the net or antenna. | Point and serve to opposing team | Volleyball |
| VOL-04 | volleyball-over-net | Over the Net | Touching the ball on the opponent's side of the net. | Point and serve to opposing team | Volleyball |
| VOL-05 | volleyball-positional-fault | Positional Fault | Not being in the correct position at the time of service. | Point and serve to opposing team | Volleyball |
| VOL-06 | volleyball-back-row-attack | Back Row Attack Violation | A back row player jumping in front of the attack line to spike. | Point and serve to opposing team | Volleyball |
| VOL-07 | volleyball-libero-violation | Libero Violation | A libero performing prohibited actions. | Point and serve to opposing team | Volleyball |