Vaccine Types - Markdown

| code | slug | name | description | advantages | disadvantages | dosesRequired | examples | mechanism | storage |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 01 | live-attenuated | Live Attenuated Vaccine | Vaccines using weakened live pathogens. | ["Strong and long-lasting immune response","Lifelong protection with 1-2 doses typically","Induces mucosal, humoral, and cellular immunity"] | ["Contraindicated for immunocompromised individuals","Requires strict cold chain","Remote risk of reversion to virulence"] | 1-2回 | ["MMR vaccine (measles, mumps, rubella)","Varicella vaccine (chickenpox)","Yellow fever vaccine","Rotavirus vaccine","BCG (tuberculosis)"] | Weakened pathogens replicate slightly in the body, inducing an immune response similar to natural infection | Frozen or refrigerated (2-8°C) |
| 02 | inactivated | Inactivated Vaccine | Vaccines using killed or inactivated pathogens. | ["High safety profile","Can be used in immunocompromised individuals","Relatively easy to store"] | ["Weaker immune response","Requires multiple doses and boosters","Minimal cytotoxic T-cell activation"] | 2-3回＋ブースター | ["Hepatitis A vaccine","Inactivated influenza vaccine","IPV (inactivated polio)","Rabies vaccine","Japanese encephalitis vaccine"] | Inactivated pathogens stimulate the immune system without replicating | Refrigerated (2-8°C) |
| 03 | subunit-recombinant | Subunit, Recombinant, Polysaccharide and Conjugate Vaccine | Vaccines using only specific parts of pathogens. | ["Very safe","Suitable for immunocompromised individuals","Batch-to-batch consistency"] | ["Less immunogenic","May require adjuvants","Complex production"] | 2-3回 | ["Hepatitis B vaccine (recombinant)","HPV vaccine (human papillomavirus)","Acellular pertussis","Pneumococcal vaccine (polysaccharide/conjugate)","Hib vaccine"] | Uses only specific antigenic parts of the pathogen to induce targeted immune response | Refrigerated (2-8°C) |
| 04 | toxoid | Toxoid Vaccine | Vaccines using inactivated bacterial toxins. | ["Effective against toxin-mediated diseases","Well-established safety"] | ["Requires boosters","Limited to toxin-mediated diseases"] | 3回＋ブースター（10年ごと） | ["Tetanus toxoid","Diphtheria toxoid"] | Induces antibodies against inactivated toxins to neutralize them | Refrigerated (2-8°C) |
| 05 | viral-vector | Viral Vector Vaccine | Vaccines using a different virus as a vector. | ["Strong cellular immunity","Single dose often sufficient","Thermostable (up to ~28°C)"] | ["Pre-existing immunity against the vector","Rare risk of thrombosis","Limited antigen capacity"] | 1回（場合により2回） | ["AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine","Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine","Ebola vaccine"] | Modified virus delivers antigen-coding instructions to host cells for intracellular antigen expression | Standard refrigeration (2-8°C) |
| 06 | mrna | mRNA Vaccine | Next-generation vaccines using messenger RNA. | ["High efficacy (>90%)","Rapid manufacturing and variant adaptation","No live pathogen used","Cell-free synthetic production"] | ["Ultra-cold storage required (some)","Rare risk of myocarditis","Booster doses needed"] | 2-3回＋ブースター | ["Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine","Moderna COVID-19 vaccine","Moderna RSV vaccine (mRESVIA)"] | Synthetic mRNA is taken up by host cells and translated to produce antigen proteins | Ultra-cold (-70°C) or frozen (-20°C) |
| 07 | dna | DNA Vaccine | Vaccines using plasmid DNA. | ["Thermally stable","Scalable cell-free production","No genomic integration risk"] | ["Poor immunogenicity in humans","May need electroporation or special delivery"] | 複数回 | ["West Nile virus (veterinary)","Zika/HIV (in development)"] | Plasmid DNA enters the nucleus, transcribes mRNA, and translates antigens | Room temperature to refrigerated |