Structured Lists Directory

Overview

Semiconductor Materials

Semiconductor materials are foundational materials that constitute semiconductor devices, which are core components of electronic equipment. Materials such as silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide each possess different electrical, optical, and thermal properties, and are used in a wide range of applications including integrated circuits, high-frequency devices, optoelectronic devices, and solar cells. First-generation silicon and germanium, along with second-generation compound semiconductor gallium arsenide, are essential materials supporting the modern electronics industry.

semiconductor silicon germanium gallium arsenide electronic materials integrated circuit compound semiconductor
code slug name description applications atomicNumber bandgapType bandgap_unit bandgap_value category electronMobility_unit electronMobility_value generation symbol
Si silicon Silicon The most widely used semiconductor material and the main material for integrated circuits. ["Integrated Circuits (IC)","CPU","Memory","Microprocessors","Power Devices","Solar Cells"] 14 Indirect eV 1.12 Elemental Semiconductor cm²/Vs 1400 第1世代 Si
Ge germanium Germanium Originally used as an early transistor material, now utilized in SiGe alloys and infrared optical applications. ["SiGe Semiconductors","Infrared Optical Equipment","Fiber Optic Communications","Multi-junction Solar Cells","High-frequency Devices","PET Scanners"] 32 Indirect eV 0.67 Elemental Semiconductor cm²/Vs 3900 第1世代 Ge
GaAs gallium-arsenide Gallium Arsenide A high-performance compound semiconductor with high electron mobility and a direct bandgap structure. ["5G/6G Base Stations","RF Devices","Semiconductor Lasers","Optical Communications","Satellite Communications","Space Solar Cells","Radar"] Direct eV 1.42 Compound Semiconductor cm²/Vs 8500 第2世代 GaAs

A list of major materials that form the foundation of semiconductor devices.