Structured Lists Directory

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National Constitutions - YAML

National constitutions are the supreme legal documents that define a country's political system and protection of fundamental human rights. The United States Constitution (1788) is the world's oldest current written constitution, while the Constitution of Japan (1946) is known as a symbol of post-war democracy. This data systematically organizes the names and establishment years of current constitutions in major countries worldwide.

constitution law politics history international comparison human rights 
- code: "US"
  slug: "united-states"
  name: "United States of America"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the United States"
  yearEstablished: 1788
  yearEnacted: 1789
  description: "The world's oldest current written constitution."
- code: "NO"
  slug: "norway"
  name: "Norway"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the Kingdom of Norway"
  yearEstablished: 1814
  description: "The second oldest current written constitution in Europe."
- code: "NL"
  slug: "netherlands"
  name: "Netherlands"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the Kingdom of the Netherlands"
  yearEstablished: 1815
  description: "Constitution adopted after the Congress of Vienna."
- code: "BE"
  slug: "belgium"
  name: "Belgium"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of Belgium"
  yearEstablished: 1831
  description: "Constitution adopted after independence from the Netherlands."
- code: "CA"
  slug: "canada"
  name: "Canada"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of Canada"
  yearEstablished: 1867
  yearEnacted: 1867
  description: "Adopted when British colonies formed a dominion."
- code: "LU"
  slug: "luxembourg"
  name: "Luxembourg"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg"
  yearEstablished: 1868
  description: "Constitution establishing permanent neutrality after the Franco-Prussian War."
- code: "AU"
  slug: "australia"
  name: "Australia"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of Australia"
  yearEstablished: 1900
  yearEnacted: 1901
  description: "Federal constitution enacted by the British Parliament."
- code: "MX"
  slug: "mexico"
  name: "Mexico"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the United Mexican States"
  yearEstablished: 1917
  description: "Adopted after the collapse of the Porfirio Diaz dictatorship."
- code: "AT"
  slug: "austria"
  name: "Austria"
  constitutionName: "Federal Constitutional Law of Austria"
  yearEstablished: 1920
  yearEnacted: 1920
  description: "Constitution of the First Austrian Republic."
- code: "EE"
  slug: "estonia"
  name: "Estonia"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the Republic of Estonia"
  yearEstablished: 1922
  yearEnacted: 1922
  description: "Constitution adopted after independence from Russia."
- code: "IE"
  slug: "ireland"
  name: "Ireland"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of Ireland"
  yearEstablished: 1937
  yearEnacted: 1937
  description: "Constitution declaring independence from the United Kingdom."
- code: "IS"
  slug: "iceland"
  name: "Iceland"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the Republic of Iceland"
  yearEstablished: 1944
  yearEnacted: 1944
  description: "Constitution adopted upon independence from Denmark."
- code: "JP"
  slug: "japan"
  name: "Japan"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of Japan"
  yearEstablished: 1946
  yearEnacted: 1947
  description: "Constitution known as a symbol of post-war democracy."
- code: "IT"
  slug: "italy"
  name: "Italy"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the Italian Republic"
  yearEstablished: 1947
  yearEnacted: 1948
  description: "Constitution establishing the transition to republic after abolition of monarchy."
- code: "DE"
  slug: "germany"
  name: "Germany"
  constitutionName: "Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany"
  yearEstablished: 1949
  yearEnacted: 1949
  description: "Basic Law protecting human rights through 'eternal clauses'."
- code: "IN"
  slug: "india"
  name: "India"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of India"
  yearEstablished: 1950
  yearEnacted: 1950
  description: "The world's longest written constitution."
- code: "DK"
  slug: "denmark"
  name: "Denmark"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the Kingdom of Denmark"
  yearEstablished: 1953
  description: "Constitution comprehensively revised after liberation from Nazi occupation."
- code: "FR"
  slug: "france"
  name: "France"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the Fifth French Republic"
  yearEstablished: 1958
  yearEnacted: 1958
  description: "Constitution establishing the Fifth Republic."
- code: "SE"
  slug: "sweden"
  name: "Sweden"
  constitutionName: "Instrument of Government of Sweden"
  yearEstablished: 1974
  yearEnacted: 1975
  description: "Constitution transitioning from Instrument of Government to four fundamental laws."
- code: "ES"
  slug: "spain"
  name: "Spain"
  constitutionName: "Spanish Constitution"
  yearEstablished: 1978
  yearEnacted: 1978
  description: "Democratization constitution after the end of the Franco dictatorship."
- code: "PT"
  slug: "portugal"
  name: "Portugal"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the Portuguese Republic"
  yearEstablished: 1976
  yearEnacted: 1976
  description: "Democratization constitution after the Carnation Revolution."
- code: "GR"
  slug: "greece"
  name: "Greece"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of Greece"
  yearEstablished: 1975
  yearEnacted: 1975
  description: "Democratic restoration constitution after the collapse of military rule."
- code: "CN"
  slug: "china"
  name: "China"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the People's Republic of China"
  yearEstablished: 1982
  yearEnacted: 1982
  description: "Current constitution adopted during the reform and opening-up period."
- code: "BR"
  slug: "brazil"
  name: "Brazil"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil"
  yearEstablished: 1988
  yearEnacted: 1988
  description: "Democratization constitution known as the 'Citizen Constitution'."
- code: "KR"
  slug: "south-korea"
  name: "South Korea"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the Republic of Korea"
  yearEstablished: 1987
  yearEnacted: 1988
  description: "Constitution adopted as a result of democratization movements."
- code: "RU"
  slug: "russia"
  name: "Russia"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the Russian Federation"
  yearEstablished: 1993
  yearEnacted: 1993
  description: "Constitution adopted after the collapse of the Soviet Union."
- code: "CZ"
  slug: "czech-republic"
  name: "Czech Republic"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the Czech Republic"
  yearEstablished: 1992
  yearEnacted: 1993
  description: "Constitution adopted after the dissolution of Czechoslovakia."
- code: "FI"
  slug: "finland"
  name: "Finland"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of Finland"
  yearEstablished: 1999
  yearEnacted: 2000
  description: "Current constitution comprehensively revising the 1919 constitution."
- code: "CH"
  slug: "switzerland"
  name: "Switzerland"
  constitutionName: "Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation"
  yearEstablished: 1999
  yearEnacted: 2000
  description: "Current constitution systematizing and organizing the 1848 constitution."
- code: "PL"
  slug: "poland"
  name: "Poland"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the Republic of Poland"
  yearEstablished: 1997
  yearEnacted: 1997
  description: "New constitution adopted after the collapse of communist rule."
- code: "ZA"
  slug: "south-africa"
  name: "South Africa"
  constitutionName: "Constitution of the Republic of South Africa"
  yearEstablished: 1996
  yearEnacted: 1997
  description: "New constitution after the abolition of apartheid."
- code: "HU"
  slug: "hungary"
  name: "Hungary"
  constitutionName: "Fundamental Law of Hungary"
  yearEstablished: 2011
  yearEnacted: 2012
  description: "New fundamental law replacing the 1949 constitution."
- code: "UK"
  slug: "united-kingdom"
  name: "United Kingdom"
  constitutionName: "Uncodified Constitution"
  yearEstablished: null
  description: "Uncodified constitution without a single written constitutional document."