CSV

災害の種類と計測 - CSV

日本は世界有数の自然災害多発国であり、地震、台風、洪水、土砂災害、火山噴火、津波など様々な災害が発生します。本データは、これらの災害の種類と、気象庁・消防庁・国土交通省などの機関が定める計測指標（震度・マグニチュード、台風の強さ・大きさ、水位、警戒レベルなど）を体系的に整理したものです。防災対策や災害リスクの理解に役立ちます。

自然災害防災気象庁震度マグニチュード台風洪水土砂災害火山噴火津波警戒レベル

code,slug,name,description,category,measurementUnit,scale,note,scale_en,scale_ja,scale_windSpeed,scale_radius,alertLevels,scale_descriptionEn,scale_descriptionJa,scale_height,scale_windSpeedMountains,scale_windSpeedPlains
E001,earthquake-intensity,地震（震度）,ある地点における地震動の強さを表す指標。0から7の10階級で表される。,earthquake,seismic intensity scale,"[""0"",""1"",""2"",""3"",""4"",""5弱"",""5強"",""6弱"",""6強"",""7""]",,,,,,,,,,,
E002,earthquake-magnitude,地震（マグニチュード）,地震そのものの規模（エネルギーの大きさ）を表す指標。,earthquake,M (magnitude scale),,M8以上の巨大地震ではモーメントマグニチュード（Mw）を使用,,,,,,,,,,
T001,typhoon-strength,台風（強さ）,台風の最大風速による強さの分類。4段階で表される。,typhoon,m/s (meters per second),,,"[""-"",""Typhoon"",""Strong"",""Very Strong"",""Violent""]","[""-"",""台風"",""強い"",""非常に強い"",""猛烈な""]","[""17-25"",""25-33"",""33-44"",""44-54"",""54+""]",,,,,,,
T002,typhoon-size,台風（大きさ）,台風の強風域の半径による大きさの分類。,typhoon,km (radius),,,"[""-"",""Large"",""Very Large""]","[""-"",""大型"",""超大型""]",,"[""<500"",""500-800"",""800+""]",,,,,,
F001,flood-water-level,洪水（水位）,河川の水位による洪水リスクの判断指標。,flood,m (meters above sea level or warning reference),,,,,,,"[""計画高水位"",""氾濫危険水位"",""避難判断水位""]",,,,,
S001,sediment-disaster-alert,土砂災害（警戒レベル）,土砂災害（土石流・地すべり・崖崩れ）の危険度を示す5段階の警戒レベル。,sediment,alert level (1-5),,,"[""Level 1"",""Level 2"",""Level 3"",""Level 4"",""Level 5""]","[""レベル1"",""レベル2"",""レベル3"",""レベル4"",""レベル5""]",,,,"[""Heighten disaster awareness"",""Check evacuation actions"",""Elderly and vulnerable evacuate"",""Everyone evacuate from danger"",""Life-threatening, secure safety immediately""]","[""災害への心構えを高める"",""自らの避難行動を確認"",""高齢者等は避難"",""危険な場所から全員避難"",""命の危険 直ちに安全確保""]",,,
V001,volcanic-alert-level,火山噴火（噴火警戒レベル）,火山活動の危険度を示す5段階の警戒レベル。2007年12月から運用開始。,volcano,alert level (1-5),,,"[""Level 1"",""Level 2"",""Level 3"",""Level 4"",""Level 5""]","[""レベル1"",""レベル2"",""レベル3"",""レベル4"",""レベル5""]",,,,"[""Be aware this is an active volcano"",""Crater area restriction"",""Mountain entry restriction"",""Evacuation preparation"",""Evacuation""]","[""活火山であることに留意"",""火口周辺規制"",""入山規制"",""避難準備"",""避難""]",,,
TS001,tsunami-warning,津波（警報・注意報）,津波の予想高さによる警報・注意報の3段階分類。,tsunami,m (meters),,,"[""Tsunami Advisory"",""Tsunami Warning"",""Major Tsunami Warning""]","[""津波注意報"",""津波警報"",""大津波警報""]",,,,,,"[""0.2-1"",""1-3"",""3+""]",,
W001,wind-warning,強風（注意報・警報）,風速による強風注意報・警報の基準。,wind,m/s,,,"[""Strong Wind Advisory"",""Storm Warning""]","[""強風注意報"",""暴風警報""]",,,,,,,"[""15"",""20""]","[""20"",""25""]"
R001,heavy-rain-warning,大雨（注意報・警報）,降水量による大雨注意報・警報の基準。,rain,mm/hour or mm/24hours,,基準は地域によって異なる,,,,,,,,,,