TOML

Types of Banks - TOML

Japanese banks are broadly classified into ordinary banks under the Banking Act (city banks, regional banks, second-tier regional banks, internet banks, etc.) and cooperative financial institutions (credit unions, credit associations, labor banks, etc.). Under the supervision of the Financial Services Agency, each plays a distinct role in supporting Japan's financial system. City banks operate nationwide targeting large corporations, regional banks focus on local communities, internet banks provide digital-native services, and cooperative institutions aim for mutual aid among members.

bank financial institution city bank regional bank internet bank credit union cooperative finance FSA

[[items]]
code = "01"
slug = "city-banks"
name = "City Banks"
description = "Large-scale banks headquartered in major cities operating nationwide."
category = "ordinary_bank"
count = 5

[[items]]
code = "02"
slug = "regional-banks"
name = "Regional Banks"
description = "Banks headquartered in regional cities providing community-focused financial services."
category = "ordinary_bank"
count = 62

[[items]]
code = "03"
slug = "second-tier-regional-banks"
name = "Second-Tier Regional Banks"
description = "Banks converted from former mutual banks specializing in financing for small and medium-sized enterprises."
category = "ordinary_bank"
count = 30

[[items]]
code = "04"
slug = "internet-banks"
name = "Internet Banks"
description = "Banks without physical branches that primarily operate through the internet."
category = "ordinary_bank"
count = 15

[[items]]
code = "05"
slug = "trust-banks"
name = "Trust Banks"
description = "Banks that also engage in trust business, conducting asset management and securitization."
category = "ordinary_bank"
count = 2

[[items]]
code = "06"
slug = "japan-post-bank"
name = "Japan Post Bank"
description = "A special bank with Japan's largest deposit balance using post offices as service windows."
category = "ordinary_bank"
count = 1

[[items]]
code = "07"
slug = "credit-unions"
name = "Credit Unions"
description = "Cooperative financial institutions targeting local SMEs and individuals."
category = "cooperative"
count = 240

[[items]]
code = "08"
slug = "credit-associations"
name = "Credit Associations"
description = "Smaller cooperative financial institutions based on the Small and Medium Enterprise Cooperatives Act."
category = "cooperative"
count = 57

[[items]]
code = "09"
slug = "labor-banks"
name = "Labor Banks"
description = "Cooperative financial institutions aimed at workers' welfare."
category = "cooperative"
count = 13

[[items]]
code = "10"
slug = "agricultural-cooperatives"
name = "Agricultural Cooperatives"
description = "Cooperatives for farmers that also conduct financial business, known as JA."
category = "cooperative"
count = 359

[[items]]
code = "11"
slug = "fishery-cooperatives"
name = "Fishery Cooperatives"
description = "Cooperatives for fishermen that also conduct financial business."
category = "cooperative"
count = ""

[[items]]
code = "12"
slug = "foreign-banks"
name = "Foreign Banks"
description = "Branches of foreign banks established in Japan."
category = "ordinary_bank"
count = ""

[[items]]
code = "13"
slug = "government-financial-institutions"
name = "Government Financial Institutions"
description = "Policy-based financial institutions established and funded by the government."
category = "government"
count = ""