Markdown
World Language Family Classifications - Markdown
Language family classification is a system for categorizing languages based on their historical relationships. Languages sharing a common ancestral language are grouped into the same language family, with major families including Indo-European, Sino-Tibetan, Afro-Asiatic, and Uralic. These classifications provide an important framework for understanding the origins, distribution, and evolution of languages.
linguistics
language family
language classification
Indo-European
Sino-Tibetan
comparative linguistics
| code | slug | name | description | distribution | languageCount | majorLanguages | speakerCount |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| IE | indo-european | Indo-European | The language family with the largest number of speakers, widely used in Europe, India, and the Americas. | ヨーロッパ、南アジア、南北アメリカ、オーストラリア | 446 | ["英語","スペイン語","ヒンディー語","フランス語","ドイツ語","ロシア語","ポルトガル語","イタリア語"] | 33.9億 |
| ST | sino-tibetan | Sino-Tibetan | A major East Asian language family including Chinese, characterized by tonal languages. | 中国大陸、チベット、ミャンマー、台湾 | 461 | ["中国語（北京語、広東語など）","チベット語","ビルマ語（ミャンマー語）"] | 14.7億 |
| AA | afro-asiatic | Afro-Asiatic | A language family distributed in North Africa and the Middle East, including Arabic and Hebrew. | 北アフリカ、東アフリカ、中東 | 376 | ["アラビア語","ヘブライ語","アムハラ語","ソマリ語","ハウサ語"] | 6.68億 |
| UR | uralic | Uralic | A language family including Finnish and Hungarian, mainly distributed in Northeast Europe and Siberia. | フィンランド、ハンガリー、エストニア、ロシア北部・シベリア | 38 | ["フィンランド語","ハンガリー語","エストニア語","サーミ語"] | 約2500万 |
| NC | niger-congo | Niger-Congo | The language family with the largest number of languages, widely distributed in sub-Saharan Africa. | サハラ砂漠以南のアフリカ | 1532 | ["スワヒリ語","ヨルバ語","ズールー語","イボ語","ハウサ語"] | 6.59億 |
| AN | austronesian | Austronesian | The language family with the second largest number of languages, distributed from Taiwan to Pacific islands. | 台湾、東南アジア島嶼部、太平洋諸島、マダガスカル | 1221 | ["マレー語","インドネシア語","タガログ語","ジャワ語","ハワイ語","マダガスカル語"] | 3.84億 |
| DR | dravidian | Dravidian | A language family mainly distributed in South India with a distinct lineage separate from Indo-European. | 南インド、スリランカ、パキスタン | 80 | ["タミル語","テルグ語","カンナダ語","マラヤーラム語"] | 約2.5億 |
| AL | altaic | Altaic | A proposed language family including Turkish and Mongolian, though its classification remains controversial. | 中央アジア、シベリア、トルコ | 65 | ["トルコ語","モンゴル語","ウズベク語","カザフ語"] | 約1.7億 |
| KO | koreanic | Koreanic | A language family including Korean, with various theories regarding its genetic classification. | 朝鮮半島 | 2 | ["韓国語・朝鮮語","済州語"] | 約8000万 |
| JP | japonic | Japonic | A language family including Japanese and Ryukyuan languages, with various theories regarding its genetic classification. | 日本列島 | 12 | ["日本語","沖縄語","宮古語","八重山語"] | 約1.25億 |
| AU | austroasiatic | Austroasiatic | A language family distributed in mainland Southeast Asia, including Vietnamese and Khmer. | 東南アジア大陸部、インド中部 | 170 | ["ベトナム語","クメール語（カンボジア語）","モン語"] | 約9500万 |
| KS | khoisan | Khoisan | A language family distributed in southern Africa, characterized by languages with click consonants. | ナミビア、ボツワナ、南アフリカ | 30 | ["コイコイ語","サン語（ブッシュマン語）"] | 約30万 |