TSV
World Language Family Classifications - TSV
Language family classification is a system for categorizing languages based on their historical relationships. Languages sharing a common ancestral language are grouped into the same language family, with major families including Indo-European, Sino-Tibetan, Afro-Asiatic, and Uralic. These classifications provide an important framework for understanding the origins, distribution, and evolution of languages.
linguistics
language family
language classification
Indo-European
Sino-Tibetan
comparative linguistics
code slug name description distribution languageCount majorLanguages speakerCount
IE indo-european Indo-European The language family with the largest number of speakers, widely used in Europe, India, and the Americas. ヨーロッパ、南アジア、南北アメリカ、オーストラリア 446 ["英語","スペイン語","ヒンディー語","フランス語","ドイツ語","ロシア語","ポルトガル語","イタリア語"] 33.9億
ST sino-tibetan Sino-Tibetan A major East Asian language family including Chinese, characterized by tonal languages. 中国大陸、チベット、ミャンマー、台湾 461 ["中国語（北京語、広東語など）","チベット語","ビルマ語（ミャンマー語）"] 14.7億
AA afro-asiatic Afro-Asiatic A language family distributed in North Africa and the Middle East, including Arabic and Hebrew. 北アフリカ、東アフリカ、中東 376 ["アラビア語","ヘブライ語","アムハラ語","ソマリ語","ハウサ語"] 6.68億
UR uralic Uralic A language family including Finnish and Hungarian, mainly distributed in Northeast Europe and Siberia. フィンランド、ハンガリー、エストニア、ロシア北部・シベリア 38 ["フィンランド語","ハンガリー語","エストニア語","サーミ語"] 約2500万
NC niger-congo Niger-Congo The language family with the largest number of languages, widely distributed in sub-Saharan Africa. サハラ砂漠以南のアフリカ 1532 ["スワヒリ語","ヨルバ語","ズールー語","イボ語","ハウサ語"] 6.59億
AN austronesian Austronesian The language family with the second largest number of languages, distributed from Taiwan to Pacific islands. 台湾、東南アジア島嶼部、太平洋諸島、マダガスカル 1221 ["マレー語","インドネシア語","タガログ語","ジャワ語","ハワイ語","マダガスカル語"] 3.84億
DR dravidian Dravidian A language family mainly distributed in South India with a distinct lineage separate from Indo-European. 南インド、スリランカ、パキスタン 80 ["タミル語","テルグ語","カンナダ語","マラヤーラム語"] 約2.5億
AL altaic Altaic A proposed language family including Turkish and Mongolian, though its classification remains controversial. 中央アジア、シベリア、トルコ 65 ["トルコ語","モンゴル語","ウズベク語","カザフ語"] 約1.7億
KO koreanic Koreanic A language family including Korean, with various theories regarding its genetic classification. 朝鮮半島 2 ["韓国語・朝鮮語","済州語"] 約8000万
JP japonic Japonic A language family including Japanese and Ryukyuan languages, with various theories regarding its genetic classification. 日本列島 12 ["日本語","沖縄語","宮古語","八重山語"] 約1.25億
AU austroasiatic Austroasiatic A language family distributed in mainland Southeast Asia, including Vietnamese and Khmer. 東南アジア大陸部、インド中部 170 ["ベトナム語","クメール語（カンボジア語）","モン語"] 約9500万
KS khoisan Khoisan A language family distributed in southern Africa, characterized by languages with click consonants. ナミビア、ボツワナ、南アフリカ 30 ["コイコイ語","サン語（ブッシュマン語）"] 約30万