TOML

プロップの昔話の形態学31機能 - TOML

プロップの31機能は、1928年にロシアの民俗学者ウラジーミル・プロップが『昔話の形態学』で提唱した物語構造の分析体系です。ロシアの魔法昔話100話を分析し、すべての昔話に共通する31の物語機能を特定しました。これらの機能は常に同じ順序で出現し、物語の骨格を形成します。この理論は物語論、記号論、映画脚本、ゲームデザインなど多くの分野に影響を与え、構造主義的物語分析の基礎となっています。

物語論 民俗学 構造主義 昔話 ロシア 形態学 機能分析
[[items]]
code = "01"
slug = "absentation"
name = "不在"
description = "家族の一員が家を離れる機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "導入部"
symbol = "β"

[[items]]
code = "02"
slug = "interdiction"
name = "禁止"
description = "主人公に禁止や警告が与えられる機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "導入部"
symbol = "γ"

[[items]]
code = "03"
slug = "violation"
name = "違反"
description = "禁止が破られる機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "導入部"
symbol = "δ"

[[items]]
code = "04"
slug = "reconnaissance"
name = "探り"
description = "悪役が情報を得ようと試みる機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "導入部"
symbol = "ε"

[[items]]
code = "05"
slug = "delivery"
name = "情報漏洩"
description = "悪役が必要な情報を得る機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "導入部"
symbol = "ζ"

[[items]]
code = "06"
slug = "trickery"
name = "謀略"
description = "悪役が欺きによって優位を得ようとする機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "導入部"
symbol = "η"

[[items]]
code = "07"
slug = "complicity"
name = "加担"
description = "犠牲者が欺かれて悪役を助ける機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "導入部"
symbol = "θ"

[[items]]
code = "08"
slug = "villainy-or-lack"
name = "加害または欠如"
description = "悪役が害を与えるか、何かが欠けていることが判明する機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "本体・複雑化"
symbol = "A/a"

[[items]]
code = "09"
slug = "mediation"
name = "仲介"
description = "不幸や欠如が知らされ、主人公に助けが求められる機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "本体・複雑化"
symbol = "B"

[[items]]
code = "10"
slug = "counteraction"
name = "対抗行動の開始"
description = "主人公が対抗行動を起こすことに同意する機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "本体・複雑化"
symbol = "B↑"

[[items]]
code = "11"
slug = "departure"
name = "出発"
description = "主人公が家を離れる機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "贈与者系列・主要探求"
symbol = "↑"

[[items]]
code = "12"
slug = "first-function-of-donor"
name = "贈与者の第一機能"
description = "主人公が贈与者から試練を受ける機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "贈与者系列・主要探求"
symbol = "D"

[[items]]
code = "13"
slug = "heros-reaction"
name = "主人公の反応"
description = "主人公が贈与者の試練に反応する機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "贈与者系列・主要探求"
symbol = "E"

[[items]]
code = "14"
slug = "receipt-of-magical-agent"
name = "魔法の手段の獲得"
description = "主人公が魔法の物品や助力者を獲得する機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "贈与者系列・主要探求"
symbol = "F"

[[items]]
code = "15"
slug = "spatial-transfer"
name = "空間移動"
description = "主人公が探求の目的地へ移送される機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "贈与者系列・主要探求"
symbol = "G"

[[items]]
code = "16"
slug = "struggle"
name = "闘争"
description = "主人公と悪役が直接対決する機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "贈与者系列・主要探求"
symbol = "H"

[[items]]
code = "17"
slug = "branding"
name = "標づけ"
description = "主人公が印や傷を受ける機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "贈与者系列・主要探求"
symbol = "I"

[[items]]
code = "18"
slug = "victory"
name = "勝利"
description = "悪役が敗北する機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "贈与者系列・主要探求"
symbol = "I"

[[items]]
code = "19"
slug = "liquidation-of-lack"
name = "欠如の解消"
description = "初期の不幸や欠如が解消される機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "贈与者系列・主要探求"
symbol = "K"

[[items]]
code = "20"
slug = "return"
name = "帰還"
description = "主人公が家へ戻る機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "主人公の帰還"
symbol = "↓"

[[items]]
code = "21"
slug = "pursuit"
name = "追跡"
description = "主人公が追跡される機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "主人公の帰還"
symbol = "Pr"

[[items]]
code = "22"
slug = "rescue"
name = "救助"
description = "主人公が追跡から救われる機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "主人公の帰還"
symbol = "Rs"

[[items]]
code = "23"
slug = "unrecognized-arrival"
name = "認められない到着"
description = "主人公が認識されずに到着する機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "主人公の帰還"
symbol = "O"

[[items]]
code = "24"
slug = "unfounded-claims"
name = "偽りの主張"
description = "偽主人公が功績を主張する機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "主人公の帰還"
symbol = "L"

[[items]]
code = "25"
slug = "difficult-task"
name = "難題"
description = "主人公に難しい課題が課される機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "主人公の帰還"
symbol = "T"

[[items]]
code = "26"
slug = "solution"
name = "解決"
description = "主人公が難題を解決する機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "主人公の帰還"
symbol = "T"

[[items]]
code = "27"
slug = "recognition"
name = "認知"
description = "主人公が認識される機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "主人公の帰還"
symbol = "Q"

[[items]]
code = "28"
slug = "exposure"
name = "暴露"
description = "偽主人公や悪役が暴かれる機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "主人公の帰還"
symbol = "Ex"

[[items]]
code = "29"
slug = "transfiguration"
name = "変容"
description = "主人公が新しい姿を与えられる機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "主人公の帰還"
symbol = "T"

[[items]]
code = "30"
slug = "punishment"
name = "処罰"
description = "悪役が罰せられる機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "主人公の帰還"
symbol = "U"

[[items]]
code = "31"
slug = "wedding"
name = "婚礼"
description = "主人公が結婚し王位に就く機能です。"
narrativeSphere = "主人公の帰還"
symbol = "W"